Kenal dan Tentukan Koordinat

笛卡儿平面 = satah Cartes 方格图上有两条主线：横着的叫横轴（paksi-x），往右数；竖着的叫纵轴（paksi-y），往上数。两条轴在左下角相交，这一点叫原点，写成字母 O，它的坐标是 (0, 0)。所有位置都从原点开始数。 例子：教室的座位表也可以看成方格图，从左下角的座位开始数行和列。 注意：原点写的是字母 O，不是数字 0，不过它的坐标是两个 0。

Cartesian plane = satah Cartes The grid has two main lines. The horizontal one is the x-axis (paksi-x), counted to the right; the vertical one is the y-axis (paksi-y), counted upwards. They meet at the bottom-left corner, called the origin and written with the letter O; its coordinates are (0, 0). Every position is counted from the origin. Example: a classroom seating plan can be read like a grid, counting rows and columns from the bottom-left seat. Watch out: the origin is written with the letter O, not the number 0, but its coordinates are two zeros.

先横后竖 = ke kanan dahulu, kemudian ke atas 读坐标时，手指放在原点 O。先沿着横轴往右数，数到地点的正下方，得到第一个数字；再往上数，数到地点，得到第二个数字。把两个数字按次序写在括号里，中间加逗号。 例子：书店在原点往右 2 格、往上 5 格，坐标就是 (2, 5)。 注意：数的是格线，从 0 开始，不是从 1 开始。

right first, then up = ke kanan dahulu, kemudian ke atas To read a coordinate, put your finger on the origin O. First count to the right along the x-axis until you are directly below the place; that is the first number. Then count upwards until you reach the place; that is the second number. Write both numbers in order inside brackets with a comma between them. Example: a bookshop 2 units to the right and 5 units up from O is at (2, 5). Watch out: count the grid lines starting from 0, not from 1.

次序很重要 = tertib penting 坐标写成 (x, y)：第一个数字是横向（往右）的格数，第二个数字是纵向（往上）的格数。两个数字一样，但次序不同，就是两个不同的地方。秋千在 (1, 4)，如果写反成 (4, 1)，就会走到食堂去。 例子：(2, 5) 和 (5, 2) 是两个不同的点。 注意：读、写、找坐标，永远先横后竖。

order matters = tertib penting A coordinate is written as (x, y): the first number is how far to the right, and the second is how far up. The same two numbers in a different order give a different place. The swing is at (1, 4); if you swap them to (4, 1), you end up at the canteen. Example: (2, 5) and (5, 2) are two different points. Watch out: when reading, writing or finding a coordinate, always go across first, then up.

在轴上的点 = titik pada paksi 有些地点刚好在轴上。在纵轴上的点，不用往右走，所以第一个数字是 0；在横轴上的点，不用往上走，所以第二个数字是 0。入口在纵轴上往上 2 格，坐标 (0, 2)；大树在横轴上往右 3 格，坐标 (3, 0)。 例子：在纵轴往上 5 格的旗杆，坐标是 (0, 5)。 注意：没有移动的方向，要写 0，不能空着不写。

points on an axis = titik pada paksi Some places lie on an axis. A point on the y-axis needs no steps to the right, so its first number is 0; a point on the x-axis needs no steps up, so its second number is 0. The entrance is 2 up the y-axis at (0, 2); the tree is 3 along the x-axis at (3, 0). Example: a flagpole 5 units up the y-axis is at (0, 5). Watch out: when there is no movement in one direction, write 0; never leave it blank.

找坐标 = cari koordinat 在地图上找到要问的地点，从原点 O 出发：先沿着横轴往右数，数到这个地点的正下方，记下第一个数字；再从那里往上数到地点，记下第二个数字。最后按 (横, 竖) 的次序写出来。 例子：如果一个地点在原点往右 2 格、往上 3 格，它的坐标是 (2, 3)。 注意：写好以后，按照自己写的坐标再走一次，看看会不会走到同一个地点。

finding a coordinate = cari koordinat Find the place on the map and start at the origin O. Count to the right along the x-axis until you are directly below it; that is the first number. Then count up to the place; that is the second number. Write them in the order (across, up). Example: a place 2 units right and 3 units up from O is at (2, 3). Watch out: after writing, follow your own coordinate once more to check you reach the same place.

由坐标找地点 = dari koordinat ke tempat 这一次反过来：已知坐标，要找地点。第一个数字告诉你往右走几格，第二个数字告诉你往上走几格。手指从原点出发，先往右，再往上，停下来的地方就是答案。 例子：坐标 (0, 2) 是从原点不往右走，只往上 2 格，所以落在纵轴上。 注意：两个数字一样的时候也一样要先往右再往上。

from coordinate to place = dari koordinat ke tempat This time it is the other way round: you know the coordinate and must find the place. The first number tells you how many steps to the right, the second how many steps up. Start at the origin, go right first, then up; where you stop is the answer. Example: (0, 2) means no steps to the right and 2 up, so the point is on the y-axis. Watch out: even when both numbers are the same, still go right first and then up.

轴上的点 = titik pada paksi 这个地点刚好在横轴上。先往右数，看它离原点几格；然后想一想：要不要往上走？不用往上走的那一个方向，数字就是 0。按 (横, 竖) 的次序写。 例子：在横轴往右 6 格的路灯，坐标是 (6, 0)。 注意：在横轴上的点，0 写在后面；在纵轴上的点，0 写在前面。

a point on an axis = titik pada paksi This place lies right on the x-axis. Count to the right to see how far it is from the origin, then ask: do I need to go up at all? The direction with no movement gets the number 0. Write it in the order (across, up). Example: a lamp post 6 units along the x-axis is at (6, 0). Watch out: for a point on the x-axis the 0 comes second; for a point on the y-axis the 0 comes first.

配对地点和坐标 = padankan tempat dan koordinat 左边是地点，右边是坐标。在地图上一个一个找：先找地点，从原点往右数、再往上数，写出坐标，然后在右边找相同的那一个。要特别留意两个数字一样、只是次序相反的坐标。 例子：一个点往右 3、往上 0，就配 (3, 0)，不是 (0, 3)。 注意：配对前先在纸上写下每个地点的坐标，比较不会配错。

match places and coordinates = padankan tempat dan koordinat Places are on the left and coordinates on the right. Take one place at a time: find it on the map, count right from the origin and then up, write its coordinate, and look for the same one on the right. Watch for pairs with the same two numbers in the opposite order. Example: a point 3 to the right and 0 up matches (3, 0), not (0, 3). Watch out: write each place's coordinate on paper before matching so you do not mix them up.