Unit 1
Kenal Sudut
Lihat tiga benda ini: bucu sebuah buku, hujung sepotong kek dan kipas lipat yang terbuka luas. Di setiap bucu, dua garisan bertemu. Adakah ruang antara garisan itu sama besar?
角 = sudut
两条线在一个点相交，相交的那一点叫顶点，两条线之间张开的空间就是角。书本的角、蛋糕尖端、打开的折扇，都有两条边在一点相交，但张开的大小不一样。这一课学会比较角的大小，并认识三种角：直角、锐角、钝角。
例子：剪刀张开一点点，两片刀刃之间的角很小；张得越开，角就越大。
注意：角的大小看两条边张开多少，不看边画得多长。
angle = sudut
When two lines meet at a point, the meeting point is a vertex and the opening between the two lines is an angle. A book corner, the tip of a cake slice and an open folding fan all have two edges meeting at a point, but the openings differ. In this unit we compare angles and name three kinds: right, acute and obtuse.
Example: scissors opened a little make a small angle; the wider they open, the bigger the angle.
Watch out: the size of an angle depends on how wide the arms open, not on how long the arms are drawn.
Bucu dan sudut
Bilangan sudut = bilangan bucu
Bentuk rumah burung ini ada 5 bucu.
5 bucu → 5 sudut
顶点和角 = bucu dan sudut
图形的每一个转角都是一个顶点，在每个顶点，两条边相交，形成一个角。所以一个图形有几个顶点，就有几个角。这个鸟屋形状有 A、B、C、D、E 五个顶点，因此有五个角；橙色弧线和红色小方块都是用来标出角的记号。
例子：一个三角形有三个顶点，所以有三个角。
注意：数角的时候，从一个顶点开始绕一圈，不要漏数，也不要重复数。
vertex and angle = bucu dan sudut
Every corner of a shape is a vertex, and at each vertex two sides meet to form an angle. So a shape has as many angles as it has vertices. This birdhouse shape has five vertices, A, B, C, D and E, and therefore five angles; the orange arcs and the small red squares are marks that show the angles.
Example: a triangle has three vertices, so it has three angles.
Watch out: when counting angles, go round once from one vertex so you do not miss or repeat any.
Sudut tegak
Bucu segi empat tepat
Lipat kertas dua kali untuk membuat sudut tegak.
segi empat tepat
sudut tegak
Segi empat tepat ada 4 sudut tegak.
直角 = sudut tegak
长方形每一个角都是直角，直角用一个小方块记号表示。一张纸随便对折一次，再沿折线对折一次，折出来的角就是直角，可以拿来当“直角测量器”：把它对准别的角，刚好重合的就是直角。
例子：课室门框的角、作业簿的角、手机屏幕的角都是直角。
注意：直角的小方块记号不是图形的一部分，只是告诉我们这个角是直角。
right angle = sudut tegak
Every corner of a rectangle is a right angle, shown by a small square mark. Fold a sheet of paper once, then fold it again along the crease; the corner you get is a right angle. Use it as a right-angle tester: place it on another angle, and if they fit exactly, that angle is a right angle.
Example: the corner of a door frame, an exercise book and a phone screen are all right angles.
Watch out: the small square mark is not part of the shape; it only tells us the angle is a right angle.
Sudut tirus
Lebih kecil daripada sudut tegak
Tanda merah pada sisi bermaksud sisi itu sama panjang.
sama sisi
sama kaki
sudut tirus < sudut tegak
锐角 = sudut tirus
比直角小的角叫锐角。把折好的直角纸放上去，锐角的两条边会藏在直角里面。等边三角形三条边一样长，等腰三角形有两条边一样长；边上的红色短线表示这些边一样长。这两种三角形的三个角都是锐角。
例子：披萨切片的尖端、字母 V 的底部，都是锐角。
注意：边上的红线说的是“边一样长”，不是说角的大小。
acute angle = sudut tirus
An angle smaller than a right angle is an acute angle. Put the folded right-angle paper on it and both arms of an acute angle stay inside. An equilateral triangle has three equal sides and an isosceles triangle has two; the short red marks show which sides are equal. All three angles of these two triangles are acute.
Example: the tip of a pizza slice and the bottom of the letter V are acute angles.
Watch out: the red marks tell us about equal sides, not about the size of the angles.
Sudut cakah
Lebih besar daripada sudut tegak
Segi tiga tak sama kaki ini ada 1 sudut cakah.
segi tiga tak sama kaki
sudut cakah
sudut cakah > sudut tegak
Nama lain: segi tiga tak sama sisi.
钝角 = sudut cakah
比直角大的角叫钝角。把直角纸放在钝角上，钝角的一条边会露在直角外面。图中三角形三条边都不一样长，叫不等边三角形；它在顶点 C 有一个钝角，另外两个角是锐角。
例子：打开得很大的笔记本电脑屏幕和键盘之间，形成钝角。
注意：一个三角形最多只能有一个钝角。
obtuse angle = sudut cakah
An angle bigger than a right angle is an obtuse angle. Place the right-angle paper on it and one arm of the obtuse angle sticks out beyond the paper. The triangle shown has three sides of different lengths, so it is a scalene triangle; it has one obtuse angle at vertex C, and its other two angles are acute.
Example: a laptop opened wide makes an obtuse angle between the screen and the keyboard.
Watch out: a triangle can have at most one obtuse angle.
Banding sudut
Dari kecil ke besar
tirus → tegak → cakah
tirus
tegak
cakah
tirus < tegak < cakah
比较角 = banding sudut
比较角的大小，用直角做标准：比直角小的是锐角，刚好一样的是直角，比直角大的是钝角。所以从小排到大是：锐角、直角、钝角。看的是两条边张开的程度。
例子：时钟九点整，两根针成直角；十一点整是锐角；七点整是钝角。
注意：边画得长的角不一定比较大，要看开口。
comparing angles = banding sudut
Use a right angle as the yardstick: smaller than it is acute, exactly the same is a right angle, bigger is obtuse. So from smallest to biggest: acute, right, obtuse. What matters is how far the two arms open.
Example: at nine o'clock the clock hands make a right angle; at eleven o'clock an acute angle; at seven o'clock an obtuse angle.
Watch out: an angle with longer arms is not necessarily bigger; look at the opening.
Semak cepat
Apakah jenis sudut ini?
角的种类 = jenis sudut
先想象一个直角（像书本的角）放在这个角上，让一条边对齐。再看另一条边：在直角里面、刚好重合，还是跑到直角外面？三种情况对应三种不同的角。
例子：时钟两点整，两根针张开的角比直角小。
注意：判断时只看开口大小，图画的方向转了也不影响角的种类。
kind of angle = jenis sudut
Imagine a right angle, like a book corner, placed on this angle with one arm lined up. Then look at the other arm: is it inside the right angle, exactly on it, or outside it? The three cases give three different kinds of angle.
Example: at two o'clock the clock hands open less than a right angle.
Watch out: judge only by the size of the opening; turning the picture does not change the kind of angle.
Semak cepat
Berapakah sudut tegak dalam bentuk ini?
数直角 = kira sudut tegak
直角在图上用红色小方块标出，橙色弧线标的是别的角。从任何一个顶点开始，顺着图形的边绕一圈，每到一个顶点就看看那里是什么记号，只数小方块。
例子：一张长方形纸剪去一个角，变成五边形，剩下三个直角。
注意：每个顶点只看一次，回到起点就停。
counting right angles = kira sudut tegak
Right angles are marked with small red squares, while orange arcs mark other angles. Start at any vertex and go round the shape along its sides; at each vertex look at the mark there and count only the small squares.
Example: cut one corner off a rectangular card and it becomes a five-sided shape with three right angles left.
Watch out: look at each vertex once and stop when you are back at the start.
Pilih
Pilih semua sudut cakah.
找出钝角 = cari sudut cakah
六个角里，先找出带红色小方块的那一个，它是标准直角。然后把其余每个角都和它比一比：开口比它大的才选。六个角都要逐个检查。
例子：如果一个角张开得像打开很大的门，就比直角大。
注意：比较时看角张开多少，不看边画得多长。
finding obtuse angles = cari sudut cakah
Among the six angles, first find the one with a small red square; it is the right angle to compare with. Then compare every other angle with it and choose only those that open wider. Check all six angles one by one.
Example: an angle that opens like a door swung wide open is bigger than a right angle.
Watch out: compare how wide each angle opens, not how long its arms are.
Ringkasan
Syabas!
tirus < tegak < cakah
Bilangan sudut sama dengan bilangan bucu. Bandingkan setiap sudut dengan sudut tegak.
Tugasan: Lipat kertas untuk membuat sudut tegak. Cari tiga sudut di rumah dan namakan jenisnya.