Latihan tambahan

短多少再求和 = lebih pendek, kemudian jumlah “短多少”表示 B 比 A 少一段，所以先用 A 减去这一段，求出 B。题目问两条绳子一共多长，还要把 A 和 B 加起来。毫米不够减要借一厘米；相加时满十毫米进一厘米。 例子：A 20 cm 4 mm，B 比 A 短 5 cm 6 mm → B 14 cm 8 mm，一共 35 cm 2 mm。 注意：先在草稿上画两条线段比较长短，再决定加还是减。

shorter by, then the total = lebih pendek, kemudian jumlah 'Shorter than' means B is A minus a piece, so subtract to find B first. The question asks for both strings together, so then add A and B. Borrow 1 cm when the millimetres cannot be subtracted, and regroup 10 mm as 1 cm when adding. Example: A is 20 cm 4 mm and B is 5 cm 6 mm shorter → B is 14 cm 8 mm, and together they are 35 cm 2 mm. Watch out: sketch the two strings as bars first, then decide whether to add or subtract.

化成米再相加 = tukar kepada m, kemudian tambah 两段路程要相加，但单位不一样。先把“几公里几米”化成米：公里乘一千，再加上米。然后和另一段的米数对齐位值相加。 例子：走 600 m，再坐车 3 km 900 m → 600 + 3 900 = 4 500 m。 注意：850 m 是三位数，相加时要和百位、十位、个位对齐。

change to metres, then add = tukar kepada m, kemudian tambah The two parts of the journey must be added, but their units differ. Change the km and m into metres first: km × 1 000, plus the metres. Then add the other distance, lining up the place values. Example: walk 600 m, then ride 3 km 900 m → 600 + 3 900 = 4 500 m. Watch out: 850 m has three digits and must line up with the hundreds, tens and ones.

两种东西的总质量 = jumlah jisim dua jenis barang 先分别求：西瓜的质量乘西瓜的个数，菠萝的质量乘菠萝的个数；再把两个积加起来。克满一千要进一公斤，剩下的克要写成三位数的位置。 例子：2 个 1 kg 400 g 的南瓜和 1 个 2 kg 300 g 的冬瓜 → 2 kg 800 g + 2 kg 300 g = 5 kg 100 g。 注意：克不满一百时，百位要写零占位。

total mass of two kinds of item = jumlah jisim dua jenis barang Work out each kind separately: the watermelon's mass × the number of watermelons and the pineapple's mass × the number of pineapples, then add the two products. Regroup 1 000 g as 1 kg and write the grams left in three places. Example: 2 pumpkins of 1 kg 400 g and 1 gourd of 2 kg 300 g → 2 kg 800 g + 2 kg 300 g = 5 kg 100 g. Watch out: when the grams are under one hundred, keep a zero in the hundreds place.

用了几天后剩下 = baki selepas beberapa hari 第一步求几天一共用了多少：每天用的量乘天数，毫升满一千进一升。第二步求剩下多少：原来的水减去用掉的，整升的毫升栏是零，要先借一升。 例子：20 ℓ 水，每天用 3 ℓ 500 mℓ，用 4 天 → 用掉 14 ℓ，剩 6 ℓ。 注意：每一步都写一句话说明算的是什么，就不会弄错要求的量。

what is left after some days = baki selepas beberapa hari Step 1 finds how much is used in all: the daily amount × the number of days, regrouping 1 000 mℓ as 1 ℓ. Step 2 finds what is left: the water at first minus the water used; whole litres have 0 in the mℓ column, so borrow 1 ℓ first. Example: 20 ℓ of water, 3 ℓ 500 mℓ used each day for 4 days → 14 ℓ used and 6 ℓ left. Watch out: label each step with what it finds so you answer the right amount.

比较路线 = bandingkan laluan 地图上从家到体育场有两条路，每条路由两段组成。先分别把每条路的两段加起来，米满一千进一公里，求出两条路各有多长；再比较，找出较近的那一条。去和回来都走那条路，就是同一段距离走两次，所以要乘二。 例子：甲路 1 km 800 m + 2 km 500 m = 4 km 300 m，乙路 2 km 900 m + 1 km 200 m = 4 km 100 m；乙路较近，来回 8 km 200 m。 注意：比较两个距离时，先比公里，公里一样再比米。

comparing routes = bandingkan laluan The map shows two roads from home to the stadium, each made of two parts. Add the two parts of each road, regrouping 1 000 m as 1 km, to find how long each road is; then compare them and pick the nearer one. Going and coming back on that road covers the same distance twice, so multiply by 2. Example: road X is 1 km 800 m + 2 km 500 m = 4 km 300 m and road Y is 2 km 900 m + 1 km 200 m = 4 km 100 m; Y is nearer, so there and back is 8 km 200 m. Watch out: to compare two distances, compare the km first and the m only if the km are equal.