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按路程估计 = anggar mengikut jarak 参考是一小时大约走多少公里。把要走的路程和参考数的一倍、两倍、三倍……比较，找出最接近的那一个，就知道大约要几个小时。 例子：一小时约 60 km，要走 175 km，接近 180 km（三个 60 km）→ 大约 3 小时。 注意：路程不必刚好是倍数，找最接近的就可以。

estimate by distance = anggar mengikut jarak The reference is about how many kilometres are covered in one hour. Compare the journey with one, two, three … times that distance, pick the nearest, and you know about how many hours it takes. Example: about 60 km in an hour; 175 km is close to 180 km, three lots of 60 km → about 3 hours. Watch out: the distance need not be an exact multiple; use the nearest one.

在两个参考之间 = di antara dua rujukan 要摘的数量不是参考数量的整倍数时，可以找两个参考：一个比它少，一个比它多。所需的时间就会在这两个时间之间，用“lebih daripada … kurang daripada …”来说。 例子：40 个大约 10 分钟，80 个大约 20 分钟，要做 60 个 → 多于 10 分钟、少于 20 分钟。 注意：两个参考要一个比题目的数量小、一个比它大。

between two references = di antara dua rujukan When the amount is not an exact multiple of the reference, use two references, one smaller and one bigger than it. The time lies between their two times, so say it with lebih daripada … kurang daripada …. Example: 40 items take about 10 minutes and 80 take about 20, so 60 items take more than 10 and less than 20 minutes. Watch out: one reference must be smaller than the amount and the other bigger.

按件数估计 = anggar mengikut bilangan 参考是做几张凳子大约要几小时。先看要做的数量里有几组参考数量，每一组的时间差不多，再把组数乘每组的时间，得到大约的总时间。 例子：4 个架子大约 3 小时，12 个是 3 组 → 大约 9 小时。 注意：先分组再乘，不要把件数直接乘小时。

estimate by number of items = anggar mengikut bilangan The reference tells about how many hours a few benches take. See how many such groups are in the new amount; each group takes about the same time, so multiply the number of groups by the time for one group. Example: 4 shelves in about 3 hours, so 12 shelves, 3 groups, take about 9 hours. Watch out: group first, then multiply; do not multiply the number of items by the hours.