Selesaikan Masalah

求总数 = cari jumlah 题目问家庭日的全部费用，关键词“全部、一共”表示用加法。把两个整数金额补点零零，小数点对齐，三个金额相加，得四万五千零八十三令吉五十仙。检查：用总数依次减去后两项，剩下的刚好是食物的费用。 例子：RM1 000 + RM2 500 + RM3 000.50 = RM6 500.50。 注意：补零以后仙的位置要对齐。

find the total = cari jumlah The question asks for the whole cost of the family day; words like whole and altogether mean add. Write the whole amounts with .00, line up the points and add: RM45 083.50. Check: take away the last two costs from the total and the food cost is left. Example: RM1 000 + RM2 500 + RM3 000.50 = RM6 500.50. Watch out: line up the sen after writing the zeros.

整理成表格 = susun dalam jadual 先把资料整理成“钱进、钱出、余额”的表：比赛报名费是钱出去，奖金是钱进来。然后从左到右算：一万八千二百四十令吉七十五仙减六千五百八十，得一万一千六百六十令吉七十五仙；再加一万二千五百，得两万四千一百六十令吉七十五仙。检查时倒过来：减去进来的，再加回出去的。 例子：RM1 000 − RM300 + RM200 = RM900。 注意：先分清楚每一笔是进还是出，才不会弄错加减。

organise in a table = susun dalam jadual First sort the facts into money in, money out and balance: the entry fee is money out and the prize is money in. Then work left to right: RM18 240.75 − RM6 580 = RM11 660.75, then + RM12 500 = RM24 160.75. To check, work backwards: take off the money in and add back the money out. Example: RM1 000 − RM300 + RM200 = RM900. Watch out: decide first whether each amount is in or out, so you add and subtract correctly.

乘法应用 = masalah darab 条形图有七段一样长的格子，每段是一天生产的价值三千四百八十令吉，求一个星期的全部，所以用乘法：七乘三千四百八十，得两万四千三百六十令吉。检查：两万四千三百六十除以七，刚好回到三千四百八十。 例子：每天卖 RM1 200，5 天 → RM6 000。 注意：用除法检查乘法的答案。

a multiplication problem = masalah darab The bar model has 7 equal parts, one for each day's RM3 480; to find the whole week, multiply: 7 × RM3 480 = RM24 360. Check: RM24 360 ÷ 7 = RM3 480. Example: RM1 200 of sales a day for 5 days is RM6 000. Watch out: check a multiplication answer by dividing.

先乘后除 = darab kemudian bahagi 先求十二趟一共收了多少：十二乘四千二百五十，得五万一千令吉。再平均分给六位司机：五万一千除以六，每人得八千五百令吉。另一个方法：十二趟分给六人，每人等于分到两趟，二乘四千二百五十也是八千五百。 例子：4 趟各 RM300，分给 2 人 → 每人 RM600。 注意：先求总数再分，或者先约简，两种方法结果一样。

multiply then divide = darab kemudian bahagi First find the total for 12 trips: 12 × RM4 250 = RM51 000. Then share it among 6 drivers: RM51 000 ÷ 6 = RM8 500 each. Another way: 12 trips for 6 drivers is 2 trips each, and 2 × RM4 250 = RM8 500. Example: 4 trips of RM300 shared by 2 people is RM600 each. Watch out: finding the total first or simplifying first gives the same result.

先除再乘再减 = bahagi, darab, tolak 先求一套的价钱：五万七千六百除以六，得九千六百令吉。已付四套：四乘九千六百，得三万八千四百令吉。还要付的就是总数减去已付的：五万七千六百减三万八千四百，得一万九千二百令吉。也可以直接想：还剩两套没付，二乘九千六百，一样是一万九千二百。 例子：3 本书 RM90，付了 1 本 → 还要付 RM60。 注意：条形图帮我们看清楚哪几段已付、哪几段还没付。

divide, multiply, subtract = bahagi, darab, tolak First find one set: RM57 600 ÷ 6 = RM9 600. Four sets are paid: 4 × RM9 600 = RM38 400. Still to pay: RM57 600 − RM38 400 = RM19 200. Or think directly: 2 sets are unpaid, and 2 × RM9 600 = RM19 200. Example: 3 books cost RM90 and 1 is paid, so RM60 is still to pay. Watch out: the bar model shows clearly which parts are paid and which are not.

求剩下的部分 = cari bahagian yang tinggal 预算是全部，秋千和滑梯是已经用掉的两部分，剩下的钱买长椅。所以用预算减去两项费用：可以一项一项减，也可以先把两项加起来再一次减。整数金额要补点零零，从仙开始借位。 例子：预算 RM1 000，用掉 RM300 和 RM450，剩 RM250。 注意：两项费用加起来只是用掉的钱，还要用预算去减。

find the part left = cari bahagian yang tinggal The budget is the whole; the swing and the slide are two parts already used, and what is left buys benches. So subtract both costs from the budget, one at a time or by adding them first and subtracting once. Write whole amounts with .00 and borrow from the sen. Example: budget RM1 000, costs RM300 and RM450, RM250 left. Watch out: the two costs added together are only the money used; you still subtract from the budget.

求一个的价钱 = cari harga seunit 十二辆一样的折叠脚车一共卖得多少钱，一辆的价钱就是总数除以十二。先列十二的乘法表，再长除。除到个位还有余数时，补点零零继续除，商会有仙。最后用乘法检查。 例子：12 个书包卖 RM321，一个 RM321 ÷ 12 = RM26.75。 注意：商的小数点要和被除数的小数点对齐，仙一定写两位。

find the price of one = cari harga seunit Twelve identical folding bicycles earned the total, so one costs the total ÷ 12. List the 12 times table, then long-divide. If there is a remainder after the ones, write .00 and keep going; the answer will have sen. Check by multiplying. Example: 12 school bags sold for RM321, so one is RM321 ÷ 12 = RM26.75. Watch out: keep the answer's point in line with the amount's point and always write two sen digits.