Tambah Perpuluhan

小数点对齐 = titik perpuluhan selajur 写竖式时，小数点要对成一条直线，这样个位对个位、十分位对十分位。十分位六加七得十三，写三、向个位进一；个位二加一再加进来的一得四。答案 4.3 升。 例子：3.8 + 2.5 = 6.3。 注意：十个十分之一就是一，所以要进到个位。

decimal points in a column = titik perpuluhan selajur In a column sum the decimal points must be in a straight line, so ones line up with ones and tenths with tenths. Tenths: 6 + 7 = 13, write 3 and carry 1 to the ones; ones: 2 + 1 + 1 = 4. The answer is 4.3 litres. Example: 3.8 + 2.5 = 6.3. Watch out: ten tenths make one, so carry into the ones.

数线法 = cara garis nombor 数线上每一小格是零点一。从三点四开始往右跳八格，经过四，停在四点二。越过整数四的时候要注意，三点九的下一格是四点零。 例子：5.7 + 0.5 → 从 5.7 跳 5 格到 6.2。 注意：数格子时从起点的下一格开始数。

the number line method = cara garis nombor Each small step on the line is 0.1. Start at 3.4 and jump 8 steps to the right; you pass 4 and stop at 4.2. Take care when crossing the whole number: after 3.9 comes 4.0. Example: 5.7 + 0.5: jump 5 steps from 5.7 to 6.2. Watch out: start counting from the step after the starting point.

补 0 = tambah sifar 三个数的小数位数不一样：2.35 有两位，0.8 有一位，12.406 有三位。在空着的位置补上 0（红色），变成 2.350、0.800，数值不变，但数位整齐，不容易加错。从千分位加起，答案 15.556。 例子：1.5 + 0.25 = 1.50 + 0.25 = 1.75。 注意：补 0 只能补在小数的最后面。

fill with zeros = tambah sifar The three numbers have different numbers of decimal places: 2.35 has two, 0.8 has one and 12.406 has three. Put zeros (red) in the empty places to make 2.350 and 0.800; the values stay the same but the columns are neat. Add from the thousandths to get 15.556. Example: 1.5 + 0.25 = 1.50 + 0.25 = 1.75. Watch out: zeros can only be added at the end of the decimal part.

整数加小数 = nombor bulat tambah perpuluhan 整数也有小数点，只是没有写出来，它在个位的后面：45 = 45.000。把三个数的小数点对齐，整数 45 的 5 要对着 3.62 的 3，而不是靠左对齐。答案 49.038。 例子：12 + 0.7 = 12.7。 注意：左边那种从左边开始对齐的写法是错的。

a whole number plus decimals = nombor bulat tambah perpuluhan A whole number has a decimal point too, just not written; it sits after the ones: 45 = 45.000. Line up all the decimal points, so the 5 of 45 is above the 3 of 3.62, not lined up on the left. The answer is 49.038. Example: 12 + 0.7 = 12.7. Watch out: lining the numbers up on the left, as in the first working, is wrong.

求缺的加数 = cari nombor yang hilang 方法一（按位凑数）：把 9.1 写成 9.100，从千分位开始想“加几才得到和的这一位”：7 加 3 得 10，写 0 进 1；2 加 7 再加 1 得 10；5 加 5 再加 1 得 11；4 加 4 再加 1 得 9，所以缺的是 4.573。方法二：用减法 9.100 − 4.527，也得 4.573。把它加回 4.527 检查。 例子：2.5 + □ = 4 → □ = 1.5。 注意：补 0 以后减，比较不会漏掉数位。

find the missing number = cari nombor yang hilang Method 1 (find each digit): write 9.1 as 9.100 and, from the thousandths, ask what must be added to reach that digit of the total: 7 + 3 = 10 (carry 1), 2 + 7 + 1 = 10, 5 + 5 + 1 = 11, 4 + 4 + 1 = 9, so the missing number is 4.573. Method 2: subtract, 9.100 − 4.527 = 4.573. Check by adding it back. Example: 2.5 + □ = 4, so □ = 1.5. Watch out: filling in zeros first helps you not miss any places.

两位小数相加 = tambah dua tempat perpuluhan 把两个数的小数点对齐，从最右边的百分位开始加，再加十分位，最后加个位。每一列满十，就写下个位上的数字，把 1 进到左边一列。 例子：3.46 + 1.57 → 百分位 6 + 7 = 13，十分位 4 + 5 + 1 = 10，个位 3 + 1 + 1 = 5 → 5.03。 注意：连续两列都满十时，每一列都要进位，进上来的 1 不要忘记加。

adding two decimal places = tambah dua tempat perpuluhan Line up the decimal points and add from the right: hundredths, then tenths, then ones. Whenever a column makes ten or more, write the ones digit and carry 1 to the next column on the left. Example: 3.46 + 1.57: hundredths 6 + 7 = 13, tenths 4 + 5 + 1 = 10, ones 3 + 1 + 1 = 5, giving 5.03. Watch out: when two columns in a row make ten, carry each time and remember to add the carried 1.

整数与小数 = nombor bulat dan perpuluhan 整数的小数点在个位后面，所以先把整数写成“整数.000”，把只有一位小数的数也补 0 到三位；三个数的小数点对成一直线，再从千分位加起。 例子：8 + 1.25 + 0.4 = 8.00 + 1.25 + 0.40 = 9.65。 注意：不要把整数的数字对在小数的十分位下面；个位一定对个位。

whole numbers and decimals = nombor bulat dan perpuluhan A whole number has its decimal point after the ones, so write it with .000, and fill zeros so every number has three decimal places. Put the decimal points in one column and add from the thousandths. Example: 8 + 1.25 + 0.4 = 8.00 + 1.25 + 0.40 = 9.65. Watch out: do not put the digits of the whole number under the tenths; ones must line up with ones.