Tambah dan Tolak Pecahan

从左到右 = dari kiri ke kanan 分母相同，先做左边的加法：七份加五份得十二份，就是八分之十二；再减六份，剩六份，就是八分之六。六和八都能被二整除，约简成四分之三。 例子：5/9 + 7/9 − 3/9 = 9/9 = 1。 注意：中间的八分之十二不用先化成带分数，可以直接继续算。

from left to right = dari kiri ke kanan Same denominators: do the addition on the left first, 7 + 5 = 12 eighths, then take away 6 eighths to leave 6/8. Both 6 and 8 divide by 2, so it simplifies to 3/4. Example: 5/9 + 7/9 − 3/9 = 9/9 = 1. Watch out: the middle answer 12/8 does not need changing to a mixed number before you carry on.

带分数与整数 = nombor bercampur dan nombor bulat 方法一照次序算：3又2/9 + 4/9 = 3又6/9，再减 3 剩 6/9 = 2/3。方法二把数连同它前面的符号一起换位置：先算 3 − 3 = 0，再加两个分数，一样得 2/3。 例子：2又1/5 + 3/5 − 2 = 4/5。 注意：换位置时，符号要跟着数一起移动。

mixed numbers and whole numbers = nombor bercampur dan nombor bulat Method 1 works in order: 3 2/9 + 4/9 = 3 6/9, and taking away 3 leaves 6/9 = 2/3. Method 2 moves each number together with its sign: 3 − 3 = 0 first, then add the two fractions, also 2/3. Example: 2 1/5 + 3/5 − 2 = 4/5. Watch out: when you move a number, its sign moves with it.

异分母加减 = penyebut berbeza 二、六、三的最小公分母是六，都换成六分之几：3/6 − 1/6 + 4/6。在数线上，从六分之三往左一格到六分之二，再往右四格，刚好到一。 例子：1/4 + 1/2 − 3/8 = 2/8 + 4/8 − 3/8 = 3/8。 注意：答案刚好是整数时，直接写整数。

different denominators = penyebut berbeza The smallest common denominator of 2, 6 and 3 is 6, so write 3/6 − 1/6 + 4/6. On the number line, start at 3/6, go back one step to 2/6, then forward four steps to reach exactly 1. Example: 1/4 + 1/2 − 3/8 = 2/8 + 4/8 − 3/8 = 3/8. Watch out: when the answer is a whole number, just write the whole number.

整数开头 = nombor bulat di depan 方法一：把 7 写成 6又4/4，减去 3又3/4 得 3又1/4，再加 1/2（= 2/4）得 3又3/4。方法二：全部换成四分之几：28/4 − 15/4 + 2/4 = 15/4 = 3又3/4。两种方法答案相同。 例子：5 − 1又1/3 + 1/3 = 4。 注意：二分之一要先换成四分之二。

a whole number at the front = nombor bulat di depan Method 1: write 7 as 6 4/4, take away 3 3/4 to get 3 1/4, then add 1/2 (= 2/4) to get 3 3/4. Method 2: change everything into quarters: 28/4 − 15/4 + 2/4 = 15/4 = 3 3/4. Both give the same answer. Example: 5 − 1 1/3 + 1/3 = 4. Watch out: change 1/2 into 2/4 first.

次序不能乱 = ikut tertib 算式 5/6 − 1/3 + 1/2 要从左到右：先减再加，得 1。错误的做法先把 1/3 和 1/2 加起来，再一起减掉，这样等于把本来要加的 1/2 也减掉了，所以得 0。 例子：3/4 − 1/4 + 1/4 = 3/4，不是 1/4。 注意：减号后面只有紧跟的那个数被减。

keep the order = ikut tertib 5/6 − 1/3 + 1/2 must be worked from left to right: subtract, then add, giving 1. The wrong way adds 1/3 and 1/2 first and takes them both away, so the 1/2 that should be added is subtracted instead, giving 0. Example: 3/4 − 1/4 + 1/4 = 3/4, not 1/4. Watch out: only the number right after a minus sign is taken away.

同分母加减 = penyebut sama 分母都相同时，分母保持不变，只把分子按从左到右的次序计算：先做前面的加法，再做后面的减法。算完如果分子等于分母，就要写成整数。 例子：2/7 + 6/7 − 3/7 = 8/7 − 3/7 = 5/7。 注意：做完加法以后不要停下来，后面还有一个减法。

same denominators = penyebut sama When all the denominators are the same, keep the denominator and work the numerators in order from left to right: the addition first, then the subtraction. If the numerator ends up equal to the denominator, write a whole number. Example: 2/7 + 6/7 − 3/7 = 8/7 − 3/7 = 5/7. Watch out: do not stop after the addition; there is still a subtraction to do.

三个不同分母 = tiga penyebut berbeza 先找三、四、六的最小公分母，把三个分数都换成这个分母。然后从左到右：先减，分数部分不够减就从整数借 1；再加。最后检查能不能约简。 例子：1又1/2 − 3/4 + 1/8 = 1又4/8 − 6/8 + 1/8 = 12/8 − 6/8 + 1/8 = 7/8。 注意：借 1 以后整数少 1，最后的分数也要约简到最简形式。

three different denominators = tiga penyebut berbeza Find the smallest common denominator of 3, 4 and 6 and change all three fractions to it. Then work from left to right: subtract first, borrowing 1 if the fraction part is too small, then add. Finally check whether it simplifies. Example: 1 1/2 − 3/4 + 1/8 = 1 4/8 − 6/8 + 1/8 = 12/8 − 6/8 + 1/8 = 7/8. Watch out: after borrowing, the whole number is 1 less, and simplify the final fraction.