Latihan tambahan

看哪一位在变 = lihat digit yang berubah 要说出这串数的模式。把几个数上下对齐，找出哪一位的数字在变、其他位不变；再看它是每次多 1 还是少 1。那一位少 1，就是少那一位的数值；越来越小就是 menurun。 例子：5 280、5 180、5 080 → 只有百位在变，每次少 1，是 menurun seratus-seratus。 注意：要看清楚是哪一位在变：十位、百位、千位的差差很多。

see which digit changes = lihat digit yang berubah State the pattern. Line the numbers up and find the place whose digit changes while the others stay the same, and whether it goes up or down by 1. One less in that place means that place value less. Example: 5 280, 5 180, 5 080 change only in the hundreds, going down by 1, so the pattern is menurun seratus-seratus. Watch out: decide carefully which place changes; tens, hundreds and thousands give very different steps.

千位在变 = digit ribu berubah 要找出这串数的下一个数。把几个数上下对齐，看看哪一位的数字在变、每次变多少，其他数位是不是都没变。找到以后，在最后一个数的那一位上再加一次同样的量。 例子：3 400、4 400、5 400 → 只有千位在变，每次多一千，下一个是 6 400。 注意：要看清楚变的是哪一位；加在错的数位上，数就会差十倍。

find the changing place = digit ribu berubah Find the next number. Line the numbers up and see which place changes, by how much, and that the other places stay the same. Then add the same amount once more to the last number. Example: 3 400, 4 400, 5 400 change only in the thousands, so the next is 6 400. Watch out: check which place is changing; adding in the wrong place makes the number ten times off.

按差补数 = tambah beza 要补出这串数的下一个数。先用相邻的两个数相减，找出每次增加多少，再用另一对确认；然后把这个差加到最后一个数上，满十要进位。 例子：150、175、200 → 每次加 25，下一个是 225。 注意：只看个位的变化会把差看错；加完以后可以用减法倒回去检查。

add the difference = tambah beza Find the next number. Subtract neighbouring numbers to find the step, confirm with another pair, then add the step to the last number, regrouping when needed. Example: 150, 175, 200 go up by 25, so the next is 225. Watch out: looking only at the ones digit gives the wrong step; subtract back afterwards to check.

检查模式 = semak pola 题目要找出“越来越大、每次多 4”的那一组数。每一组都要检查两件事：方向是不是越来越大；每一对相邻的数，差是不是都一样。只要有一对的差不同，或者方向相反，那一组就不对。 例子：8 012、8 016、8 020 → 越来越大，差都是 4，符合；8 012、8 008、8 004 差也是 4，但越来越小，不符合。 注意：方向和差两个条件都要看；每一组的每一步都要检查，不能只看第一步。

check the pattern = semak pola Find the group that gets bigger by 4 each time. Check two things for every group: is it getting bigger, and is every step the same size? If one step is different or the direction is wrong, the group fails. Example: 8 012, 8 016, 8 020 get bigger by 4, so it fits; 8 012, 8 008, 8 004 also change by 4 but get smaller, so it does not. Watch out: check both direction and step, and check every step, not only the first.

先排序再找模式 = susun, kemudian cari pola 这几个数是打乱的，要先按从小到大排好，再找模式。排好以后，看相邻两个数的差，或者看哪一位的数字每次多 1。最后用“方向 + 每次多少”说出模式。 例子：2 900、2 600、2 800、2 700 → 排成 2 600、2 700、2 800、2 900，只有百位每次多 1。 注意：没排序就直接相减，差会忽大忽小；排好后才看得出真正的模式。

arrange, then find the pattern = susun, kemudian cari pola The numbers are mixed up. Arrange them from smallest to largest first, then look at the differences or at which digit goes up by 1 each time. State the pattern with its direction and step. Example: 2 900, 2 600, 2 800, 2 700 become 2 600, 2 700, 2 800, 2 900; only the hundreds digit goes up by 1. Watch out: subtracting before arranging gives uneven differences; the real pattern shows only after sorting.

第 3 个数 = nombor ketiga 题目说从一个数开始，每一步减 6，问第 3 个数。开始的那个数就是第 1 个数；第 2 个数要减一次；第 3 个数要减两次。按次序一步一步减，每步都要检查借位。 例子：从 500 开始每次加 5：第 1 个 500，第 2 个 505，第 3 个 510。 注意：最常见的错是把起点当作第零个，结果多减了一次。

the third number = nombor ketiga Start from a number and subtract 6 at each step; what is the third number? The starting number is the first number, the second needs one subtraction and the third needs two. Work step by step and watch the regrouping. Example: starting at 500 and adding 5, the numbers are 500, 505, 510, so the third is 510. Watch out: the most common mistake is treating the start as number zero and subtracting once too often.

第 n 个数 = nombor ke-n 题目给出一个模式的前三个数，问第 6 个数。先用相邻两个数相减找出每次增加多少；然后从第 1 个数开始，一个一个往后写，边写边数“第几个”，写到第 6 个为止。也可以想：第 6 个数比第 1 个数多加了五次差。 例子：2 100、2 400、2 700…… 每次加 300，第 5 个数 = 2 100 + 4 × 300 = 3 300。 注意：第 1 个数本身算“第 1 个”；数到第几个时很容易多数或少数一个。

the nth number = nombor ke-n The first three numbers of a pattern are given; what is the sixth? Find the step by subtracting neighbours, then keep writing the pattern and count the positions until you reach the sixth. The sixth number is the first number plus the step five times. Example: 2 100, 2 400, 2 700 go up by 300, so the fifth number is 2 100 + 4 × 300 = 3 300. Watch out: the first number is number 1; it is easy to count one position too many or too few.

补全数线 = lengkapkan garis nombor 数线上的刻度是等距的，每两个相邻刻度相差一样多。先找出两个相邻、已经写出来的刻度，用大的减小的求出每格的差；再从问号左边的刻度加上这个差，得到问号的数；最后用问号右边的刻度检查。 例子：数线 8 200、8 400、？、8 800 → 每格差 200，问号是 8 600，再加 200 得 8 800，检查通过。 注意：数线从左到右越来越大；要用“相邻”的两个刻度求差，不能拿隔了一格的两个数来算。

complete the number line = lengkapkan garis nombor The marks on the line are equally spaced, so neighbouring marks always differ by the same amount. Subtract two neighbouring labelled marks to find the step, add it to the mark left of the question mark, and check with the mark on its right. Example: 8 200, 8 400, ?, 8 800 has a step of 200, so the missing mark is 8 600, and 8 600 + 200 = 8 800 checks. Watch out: the line grows from left to right, and the step must come from two marks that are next to each other.