Unit 3
Teroka Nombor
Sebuah kilang di Tawau membotolkan 48 263 botol air dalam sehari.
Apakah nilai setiap digit dalam nombor ini?

探索数 = teroka nombor;数位 = nilai tempat;数值 = nilai digit
每个数字在数里都有两个身份:一是它站在哪个位置(数位),二是它在那个位置代表多少(数值)。这个单元要学会分辨这两个概念,并把一个五位数拆开来写。
例子:数 30 000 里的 3 站在万位,代表三万。
注意:同一个数字站在不同位置,代表的数值就不一样。
explore numbers = teroka nombor; place value = nilai tempat; digit value = nilai digit
Every digit in a number has two things we can talk about: the place where it stands, and how much it is worth in that place. In this unit we learn to tell these apart and to break a five-digit number into parts.
Example: in 30 000 the digit 3 stands in the ten thousands place and is worth 30 000.
Watch out: the same digit is worth different amounts in different places.
Nilai tempat
Di manakah digit itu berada?
Nilai tempat ialah kedudukan digit dalam nombor.
puluh ribu4
ribu8
ratus2
puluh6
sa3
Nilai tempat bagi digit 4 ialah puluh ribu.
Nilai tempat bagi digit 6 ialah puluh.
数位 = nilai tempat
数位是说一个数字“站在哪里”。五位数从左到右是万位、千位、百位、十位、个位。回答数位的问题时,答案是位置的名称,不是一个数。
例子:在 15 790 里,数字 7 的数位是百位(ratus),数字 1 的数位是万位(puluh ribu)。
注意:问数位时,不要回答 700,要回答 ratus。
place value = nilai tempat
Place value tells us where a digit stands. From left to right a five-digit number has ten thousands, thousands, hundreds, tens and ones. The answer to a place value question is the name of the place, not a number.
Example: in 15 790 the place value of 7 is ratus (hundreds) and the place value of 1 is puluh ribu (ten thousands).
Watch out: for place value, answer ratus, not 700.
Nilai digit
Berapakah nilai digit itu?
Nilai digit ialah nilai sebenar digit mengikut tempatnya.
| Digit | 4 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nilai tempat | puluh ribu | ribu | ratus | puluh | sa |
| Nilai digit | 40 000 | 8 000 | 200 | 60 | 3 |
数值 = nilai digit
数值是一个数字在它的位置上“值多少”。做法是把这个数字后面补上 0:在万位补四个 0,在千位补三个 0,在百位补两个 0,在十位补一个 0,个位不补。
例子:在 15 790 里,7 的数值是 700,1 的数值是 10 000。
注意:问数值时要回答一个数,不是位置的名称。
digit value = nilai digit
Digit value is how much a digit is worth in its place. Write the digit followed by zeros: four zeros in the ten thousands place, three in the thousands, two in the hundreds, one in the tens and none in the ones.
Example: in 15 790 the digit value of 7 is 700 and the digit value of 1 is 10 000.
Watch out: for digit value, answer with a number, not the name of a place.
Cerakinkan
Dua cara mencerakin
48 263
Nilai tempat
48 263 = 4 puluh ribu + 8 ribu + 2 ratus + 6 puluh + 3 saNilai digit
48 263 = 40 000 + 8 000 + 200 + 60 + 3分解 = cerakinkan
把一个数拆成几部分相加,就叫分解。可以按数位写(几个万+几个千……),也可以按数值写(40 000 + 8 000……)。两种写法表示的是同一个数。
例子:27 514 = 2 puluh ribu + 7 ribu + 5 ratus + 1 puluh + 4 sa = 20 000 + 7 000 + 500 + 10 + 4。
注意:按数值分解时,每一部分只能有一个不是 0 的数字。
break down = cerakinkan
Writing a number as the sum of its parts is called breaking it down. We can use place value (so many ten thousands + so many thousands ...) or digit value (40 000 + 8 000 ...). Both show the same number.
Example: 27 514 = 2 puluh ribu + 7 ribu + 5 ratus + 1 puluh + 4 sa = 20 000 + 7 000 + 500 + 10 + 4.
Watch out: in a digit value breakdown, each part has only one digit that is not zero.
Digit sifar
Sifar boleh diabaikan
70 516
puluh ribu7
ribu0
ratus5
puluh1
sa6
70 516 = 70 000 + 0 + 500 + 10 + 6
atau 70 516 = 70 000 + 500 + 10 + 6
0 可以省略 = sifar boleh diabaikan
按数值分解时,数位上是 0 的那一部分,数值就是 0。加上 0 不会改变总数,所以这一部分可以写 0,也可以直接省略不写。
例子:70 208 = 70 000 + 200 + 8(千位和十位是 0,省略)。
注意:省略的是分解式里的 0,原来那个数里的 0 不能省略。
zero can be left out = sifar boleh diabaikan
In a digit value breakdown, a place holding 0 has a value of 0. Adding 0 does not change the total, so that part can be written as 0 or simply left out.
Example: 70 208 = 70 000 + 200 + 8 (the thousands and tens are 0, so they are left out).
Watch out: we leave out the 0 parts of the breakdown, not the zeros inside the number itself.
Tidak mengikut tertib
Cari nilai yang tidak ditunjukkan
6 + 30 000 + □ + 900 + 20 = 34 926
| puluh ribu | ribu | ratus | puluh | sa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 000 | ? | 900 | 20 | 6 |
| 3 | 4 | 9 | 2 | 6 |
Nilai yang tidak ditunjukkan ialah 4 000.
找缺的部分 = cari nilai yang tidak ditunjukkan
分解式里的各部分可以不按次序写。遇到这种题,先把每一部分按数位放进数位表,看看哪一个数位还空着,再对照答案那个数,就知道缺的是多少。
例子:5 + 800 + 20 000 + □ = 28 805 → 千位空着,28 805 的千位是 8,所以缺 8 000。
注意:十位是 0 的时候,那一格本来就没有,不要把它当成缺的部分。
find the missing part = cari nilai yang tidak ditunjukkan
The parts of a breakdown can be written in any order. Put each part into a place value table, see which place is still empty, then look at the given number to find what belongs there.
Example: 5 + 800 + 20 000 + □ = 28 805; the thousands place is empty and 28 805 has 8 thousands, so the missing part is 8 000.
Watch out: if a place in the number is 0, that place has nothing missing.
Semak cepat
Apakah nilai tempat bagi digit 6 dalam 26 841?
问数位 = soalan nilai tempat
题目问的是“数位”,也就是这个数字站在哪个位置,答案要用位置的名称来回答。做法:从右边的个位开始往左数,个位、十位、百位、千位、万位,数到那个数字为止。
例子:在 53 172 里,数字 1 从右数是第三位,在百位,所以它的数位是 ratus。
注意:数位(位置名称)和数值(带 0 的数)是两回事,看清题目问哪一个。
place value question = soalan nilai tempat
The question asks for the place of the digit, so answer with the name of a place. Count from the ones on the right: ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, ten thousands, until you reach the digit.
Example: in 53 172 the digit 1 is third from the right, in the hundreds place, so its place value is ratus.
Watch out: a place name and a digit value are different things; read carefully which one is asked.
Semak cepat
Apakah nilai digit bagi digit 9 dalam 59 302?
问数值 = soalan nilai digit
题目问的是“数值”,也就是这个数字真正代表多少,要用一个数来回答。做法:先找出数字在哪一位,再在它后面补上相应个数的 0:十位补一个,百位补两个,千位补三个,万位补四个。
例子:在 72 481 里,数字 2 在千位,数值是 2 000。
注意:补 0 的个数由数位决定,不是由数字本身决定;先确认位置再补 0。
digit value question = soalan nilai digit
The question asks what the digit is really worth, so reply with a number. Find the place of the digit, then write the digit with zeros: one zero for tens, two for hundreds, three for thousands, four for ten thousands.
Example: in 72 481 the digit 2 is in the thousands place, so its digit value is 2 000.
Watch out: the number of zeros depends on the place, so find the place before adding zeros.
Cari nilai
80 000 + □ + 40 + 7 + 300 = 83 347
补上缺值 = lengkapkan cerakinan
式子里的各部分次序被打乱了,要找出方框里缺的部分。先把已经给出的部分逐一放进数位表,看哪一个数位还空着;再看等号右边那个数在这个数位上的数字,按数位补 0。
例子:100 + 70 000 + 5 + □ = 74 105 → 空着的是千位,74 105 的千位是 4,所以缺 4 000。
注意:已经出现在式子里的部分不会再缺一次;数位是 0 的地方也不算缺。
fill in the missing value = lengkapkan cerakinan
The parts are in mixed order. Put each given part into a place value table and see which place is still empty. Then read the digit of the total in that place and write its value.
Example: 100 + 70 000 + 5 + □ = 74 105; the thousands place is empty and 74 105 has 4 there, so the missing part is 4 000.
Watch out: a part already in the sentence is not missing, and a place whose digit is 0 has nothing missing.
Betul atau tidak?
Adakah 5 + 90 + 400 + 21 000 cerakinan penuh bagi 21 495?
完整的分解 = cerakinan penuh
题目问这个分解式是不是“按数值的完整分解”。要检查两件事:第一,各部分加起来是否等于原数;第二,每一部分是否只有一个不是 0 的数字。两件事都成立,才是完整的分解。
例子:40 000 + 700 + 8 = 40 708:各部分加起来等于原数,而且每一部分都只有一个不是 0 的数字,所以这是完整的分解。
注意:只检查总数是不够的,总数对也可能还没拆完。
full breakdown = cerakinan penuh
Is this a complete breakdown by digit value? Check two things: do the parts add up to the number, and does every part have only one non-zero digit? Both must be true.
Example: 40 000 + 700 + 8 = 40 708 adds up to the number, and every part has only one non-zero digit, so it is a complete breakdown.
Watch out: checking the total alone is not enough; the total can be right while a part still needs splitting.
Ringkasan
Syabas!
Tempat · Nilai
Nilai tempat ialah kedudukan digit. Nilai digit ialah nilai sebenar digit itu.
Latihan tambahan →