Ikan hidup di dalam air sepanjang masa, tetapi lembu hidup di darat. Kedua-duanya memerlukan oksigen. Bagaimanakah setiap haiwan bernafas di tempat tinggalnya?
动物的呼吸器官 = organ pernafasan haiwan
所有动物都需要氧气,但是住在不同地方的动物,用不同的器官呼吸。这个单元学习四种呼吸器官,并按呼吸器官把动物分类。
例子:鱼在水里用鳃呼吸,牛在陆地用肺呼吸。
注意:水里的动物不一定都用鳃呼吸。
animal breathing organs = organ pernafasan haiwan
All animals need oxygen, but animals living in different places use different organs to breathe. This unit covers four breathing organs and how to group animals by them.
Example: a fish breathes with gills in water; a cow breathes with lungs on land.
Watch out: not every water animal breathes with gills.
Kenali
Empat organ pernafasan haiwan
Haiwan bernafas menggunakan organ yang berbeza:
peparu – kucing, ayam, kura-kura
insang – ikan, berudu
kulit lembap – cacing tanah, lintah
spirakel – belalang, rama-rama
Contoh: Belalang bernafas melalui spirakel, iaitu lubang kecil di sisi badannya.
四种呼吸器官 = empat organ
动物的呼吸器官有四种:肺(peparu),例如猫、鸡、乌龟;鳃(insang),例如鱼、蝌蚪;湿润的皮肤(kulit lembap),例如蚯蚓、水蛭;气孔(spirakel),例如蚱蜢、蝴蝶等昆虫。
例子:蚱蜢通过身体两侧的小孔,也就是气孔呼吸。
注意:气孔不是嘴巴或鼻子。
four breathing organs = empat organ
Animals breathe with four kinds of organ: lungs (peparu), e.g. cats, chickens, tortoises; gills (insang), e.g. fish, tadpoles; moist skin (kulit lembap), e.g. earthworms, leeches; and spiracles (spirakel), e.g. grasshoppers, butterflies.
Example: a grasshopper breathes through spiracles, small holes along its sides.
Watch out: spiracles are not mouths or noses.
Padankan
Padankan haiwan dengan organ pernafasannya
配对呼吸器官 = padankan organ
蚯蚓的皮肤一直是湿的,用皮肤呼吸;塘虱鱼住在水里用鳃;蟑螂是昆虫,用气孔。
例子:蚊子也是昆虫,用气孔呼吸。
注意:昆虫都用气孔呼吸。
matching organs = padankan organ
An earthworm keeps its skin moist and breathes through it; a catfish lives in water and uses gills; a cockroach is an insect and uses spiracles.
Example: a mosquito is also an insect and breathes through spiracles.
Watch out: all insects breathe through spiracles.
Fahami
Haiwan air yang bernafas dengan peparu
Tidak semua haiwan air bernafas dengan insang. Ikan paus, lumba-lumba dan penyu bernafas dengan peparu, jadi mereka perlu naik ke permukaan air untuk mengambil udara.
Contoh: Ikan paus menyembur air melalui lubang di atas kepalanya apabila naik ke permukaan untuk bernafas.
用肺呼吸的水中动物 = haiwan air dengan peparu
不是所有住在水里的动物都用鳃。鲸鱼、海豚和海龟都用肺呼吸,所以要浮上水面换气。
例子:鲸鱼浮上水面时,从头顶的孔喷出水汽,再吸一口气。
注意:看见住在水里,不要马上以为是用鳃。
water animals with lungs = haiwan air dengan peparu
Not all water animals use gills. Whales, dolphins and turtles breathe with lungs, so they must come to the surface for air.
Example: a whale sprays from the hole on top of its head when it surfaces to breathe.
Watch out: living in water does not automatically mean gills.
Semak kefahaman
Mengapakah lumba-lumba selalu timbul ke permukaan air?
why dolphins surface = mengapa timbul
What organ does a dolphin breathe with? Can that organ take oxygen straight from water?
Example: turtles also surface to breathe.
Watch out: dolphins do not go onto land for food.
Fahami
Haiwan yang mempunyai lebih daripada satu organ pernafasan
Katak bernafas dengan peparu di darat dan dengan kulit lembap di dalam air. Semasa masih berudu, ia bernafas dengan insang.
Contoh: Salamander dan sesilia juga boleh bernafas dengan lebih daripada satu organ.
不止一种呼吸器官 = lebih daripada satu organ
青蛙在陆地上用肺呼吸,在水里用湿润的皮肤呼吸。青蛙小时候是蝌蚪(berudu),那时用鳃呼吸。蝾螈和蚓螈也有不止一种呼吸器官。
例子:蝌蚪长大变成青蛙,呼吸器官也跟着改变。
注意:成年青蛙不用鳃。
more than one breathing organ = lebih daripada satu organ
A frog breathes with lungs on land and with moist skin in water. As a tadpole (berudu) it breathes with gills. Salamanders and caecilians also use more than one breathing organ.
Example: as a tadpole grows into a frog, its breathing organs change too.
Watch out: adult frogs do not use gills.
how frogs breathe = pernafasan katak
Recall: what do tadpoles use? What do adult frogs use on land and in water? Spiracles belong to insects. There are several answers.
Example: a frog's skin must stay moist for it to breathe.
Watch out: all animals need oxygen.
Ringkasan
Syabas!
Organ pernafasan haiwan
Haiwan bernafas dengan peparu, insang, kulit lembap atau spirakel. Paus dan lumba-lumba bernafas dengan peparu. Katak bernafas dengan peparu dan kulit lembap; berudu dengan insang.