Unit 7

Mengeksperimen

Kelab Sains mahu tahu sama ada jumlah serbuk penaik mempengaruhi ketinggian roket botol.
Mereka merancang, menguji dan menulis laporan.
Inilah kemahiran mengeksperimen.

做实验 = mengeksperimen 做实验是把所有科学过程技能合起来用：先找出问题、写假设、决定变量，再准备器材、照步骤做、收集和解读数据，最后写结论和实验报告。例子：科学社测试小苏打的分量会不会影响瓶子火箭飞多高。注意：实验要有计划，按次序进行。

experimenting = mengeksperimen Experimenting combines all the science process skills: identify the problem, write a hypothesis, decide the variables, prepare apparatus, follow the steps, collect and interpret data, then write a conclusion and report. Example: the Science Club tests whether the amount of baking soda affects how high a bottle rocket flies. Watch out: an experiment needs a plan carried out in order.

Kenali

Langkah mengeksperimen

Langkah-langkah utama dalam eksperimen:

pernyataan masalah → hipotesis → pemboleh ubah
alat dan bahan → langkah → data
mentafsir data → kesimpulan → laporan

Contoh: Pernyataan masalah: Adakah jumlah serbuk penaik mempengaruhi ketinggian roket?

实验步骤 = langkah eksperimen 主要步骤：写出问题陈述（pernyataan masalah）、写假设、确定变量、列出器材（alat dan bahan）、写步骤、收集数据、解读数据、写结论（kesimpulan）。例子：问题陈述：小苏打的分量会影响火箭的高度吗？注意：问题陈述通常用问句写。

steps of an experiment = langkah eksperimen The main steps: write the problem statement (pernyataan masalah), the hypothesis, the variables, the apparatus and materials (alat dan bahan), the procedure, collect data, interpret data and write the conclusion (kesimpulan). Example: problem statement: does the amount of baking soda affect the rocket height? Watch out: a problem statement is usually written as a question.

Semak kefahaman

Bahagian manakah ditulis dalam bentuk soalan?

哪一部分是问句 = bahagian soalan 实验一开始要先说清楚想研究什么，这部分通常用问句写。结论是在最后写答案，器材是一张清单。例子：“盐的分量会影响冰融化的时间吗？” 注意：结论回答问题，问题陈述提出问题。

which part is a question = bahagian soalan At the start we state what we want to find out, usually as a question. The conclusion gives the answer at the end, and apparatus is a list. Example: "Does the amount of salt affect how fast ice melts?" Watch out: the conclusion answers; the problem statement asks.

Fahami

Kesimpulan dan laporan

Kesimpulan menyatakan sama ada hipotesis diterima atau tidak berdasarkan data. Semua maklumat ditulis dalam laporan eksperimen.

Contoh: Data menunjukkan roket paling tinggi dengan tiga sudu serbuk penaik. Hipotesis diterima.

结论与报告 = kesimpulan dan laporan 结论要根据数据说明假设是否被接受。整个实验从问题到结论，都要写进实验报告，让别人可以重复同一个实验。例子：数据显示三匙小苏打的火箭飞得最高，所以假设被接受。注意：结论要根据数据，不能写成“我觉得”。

conclusion and report = kesimpulan dan laporan The conclusion states whether the hypothesis is accepted, based on the data. Everything from the problem to the conclusion goes into the experiment report so others can repeat it. Example: the data show the rocket flew highest with three spoons of baking soda, so the hypothesis is accepted. Watch out: a conclusion must rest on data, not on "I think".

Padankan

Padankan bahagian laporan dengan contohnya

配对报告部分 = padankan bahagian laporan 假设是“越……越……”的句子；器材是一张物品清单；结论是根据数据说假设被接受与否。例子：“尺、秒表、纸”属于器材。注意：先认出句型，再配对。

matching report parts = padankan bahagian laporan The hypothesis is a "the more ..., the more ..." sentence; apparatus is a list of items; the conclusion says whether the hypothesis is accepted. Example: "ruler, stopwatch, paper" belong under apparatus. Watch out: spot the sentence type first, then match.

Fikir

Mengapakah eksperimen perlu diulang beberapa kali?

为什么要重复 = mengapa diulang 一次实验可能有误差，例如量错时间。重复几次再取平均，结果会更可靠。例子：量三次体温再比较，比只量一次更准。注意：报告长短不是目的。

why repeat = mengapa diulang One trial may have errors, such as timing wrongly. Repeating and averaging makes the result more reliable. Example: taking a temperature three times is more accurate than once. Watch out: making the report longer is not the aim.

Ringkasan

Syabas!

Mengeksperimen

Eksperimen bermula dengan pernyataan masalah dan hipotesis, diikuti pemboleh ubah, alat dan bahan, langkah, data, kesimpulan dan laporan eksperimen.

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