Unit 5

Hemah Tinggi

Setiap pagi, Zara menunggu bas sekolah di depan rumahnya.
Dia bertemu jiran yang hendak ke tempat kerja.
Zara tersenyum dan berkata, “Selamat pagi, Uncle Wong!”

hemah tinggi = 有礼貌、举止得体有礼貌就是说话、动作、穿着都得体，让别人感到舒服和被尊重。这个单元学习对邻居有礼貌：打招呼、说好听的话、不干涉别人的私事，以及去邻居家参加宴会时的礼仪。例子：扎拉每天早上笑着对邻居说“早安，王叔叔！” 注意：礼貌不只是说话，表情和动作也很重要。

courtesy = hemah tinggi Being courteous means our speech, actions and clothing are proper, so others feel comfortable and respected. In this unit we learn courtesy towards neighbours: greeting them, speaking kindly, not interfering in private matters and good manners at a neighbour's function. Example: every morning Zara smiles and says, 'Good morning, Uncle Wong!' Watch out: courtesy is not only words; facial expressions and actions matter too.

Kenali

Bertegur sapa dengan jiran

Bertegur sapa ialah memberi salam atau ucapan apabila bertemu jiran. Ucapan disertai senyuman yang ikhlas.

Contoh: “Selamat petang, Mak Cik Bibi.” “Apa khabar, Pak Cik Siva?”

打招呼 = bertegur sapa 遇见邻居时主动问好，例如说“早安”“午安”“你好吗？”，再加上真诚的笑容。这是最简单、也最常用的礼貌，能让邻里关系变得亲切。例子：“比比阿姨，午安！”“西华伯伯，你好吗？” 注意：称呼长辈要用 Pak Cik、Mak Cik、Uncle、Aunty 等尊称，不可直呼名字。

greeting = bertegur sapa Greeting neighbours when we meet them, such as 'good morning', 'good afternoon' or 'how are you?', with a sincere smile, is the simplest and most common courtesy and makes neighbours feel close. Example: 'Good afternoon, Mak Cik Bibi.' 'How are you, Pak Cik Siva?' Watch out: address elders with titles such as Pak Cik, Mak Cik, Uncle or Aunty; do not call them by their bare names.

Semak kefahaman

Zara bertemu Puan Halimah, jiran yang lebih tua, di kedai. Apakah sapaan yang paling sopan?

有礼的称呼 = panggilan yang sopan 对比我们年长的邻居，打招呼时要加上尊称，语气温和，还可以问候对方的身体。看看哪一句同时做到这几点。例子：“伯伯早安，最近好吗？” 注意：装作没看见，会让邻居以为我们不想理他。

polite address = panggilan yang sopan When greeting an older neighbour, add a respectful title, keep a gentle tone, and you may ask after their health. See which sentence does all of these. Example: 'Good morning, Uncle. How have you been?' Watch out: pretending not to see someone makes them think we do not want to talk.

Fahami

Berbudi bahasa, jaga perasaan jiran

Orang yang berbudi bahasa menggunakan kata-kata yang lembut dan tidak memalukan orang lain. Kita menjaga perasaan dan air muka jiran.

Contoh: Kek yang diberi jiran agak keras. Zara tetap berterima kasih dan tidak mengutuk kek itu di depan jiran.

说话有礼、顾及面子 = berbudi bahasa, jaga air muka 有礼貌的人说话温和，用“请”“谢谢”“对不起”，也不会让别人难堪。顾及邻居的面子（air muka），就是不当众批评、不说伤人的话。例子：邻居送的蛋糕有点硬，扎拉还是道谢，没有当面嫌弃。注意：真的有意见，可以私下用温和的方式说。

courteous speech, saving face = berbudi bahasa, jaga air muka A courteous person speaks gently, uses 'please', 'thank you' and 'sorry', and does not embarrass others. Saving a neighbour's face (air muka) means not criticising them in public or saying hurtful things. Example: the cake a neighbour gives is a little hard, but Zara still thanks them and does not complain in front of them. Watch out: if you really have a concern, mention it privately and gently.

Semak kefahaman

Kucing jiran selalu masuk ke dapur rumah Zara. Bagaimanakah ibu Zara patut memberitahu jirannya?

温和地沟通 = berbincang dengan lembut 遇到邻居带来的小麻烦，有礼貌的做法是当面、平静地说明，让对方明白又不丢脸。大吼或在网上公开批评，都会伤感情。例子：“王太太，你的猫常常进我们厨房，可以帮忙看一看吗？” 注意：在网上骂人，很多人都会看到，让邻居很难堪。

talking gently = berbincang dengan lembut When a neighbour causes a small problem, the courteous way is to explain it calmly face to face, so they understand without losing face. Shouting or criticising them online damages the relationship. Example: 'Mrs Wong, your cat often comes into our kitchen. Could you keep an eye on it?' Watch out: scolding someone online lets many people see it and deeply embarrasses the neighbour.

Amalkan

Ramah mesra di tempat baharu

Apabila berpindah ke tempat baharu, kita boleh memperkenalkan diri dan beramah mesra dengan jiran dengan cara yang sopan.

Contoh: Keluarga Zara baru berpindah ke Tawau. Zara dan ibunya membawa kuih dan memperkenalkan diri kepada jiran sebelah.

在新地方友善相处 = ramah mesra di tempat baharu 搬到新地方时，先主动、礼貌地向邻居介绍自己，可以带一点小点心，说说自己的名字和家人。这样很快就能认识新朋友。例子：扎拉一家刚搬到斗湖，她和妈妈带着糕点去向隔壁邻居自我介绍。注意：第一次见面时，说话要客气，不要太大声或太随便。

friendly in a new place = ramah mesra di tempat baharu When moving somewhere new, introduce yourself to the neighbours politely first; you might bring a small snack and share your name and family. You will soon make new friends. Example: Zara's family has just moved to Tawau, so she and her mother bring kuih and introduce themselves to the neighbours next door. Watch out: on a first meeting, speak politely, not too loudly or casually.

Ingat

Jaga batas pergaulan

Ramah mesra tidak bermaksud mencampuri urusan peribadi jiran. Kita tidak bertanya perkara yang boleh menyinggung perasaan.

Contoh: Zara tidak bertanya berapa gaji ayah jirannya atau mengapa jirannya belum berkahwin.

保持分寸 = jaga batas pergaulan 对邻居友善，不表示可以过问别人的私事。收入多少、家里吵架、为什么没结婚这类问题，会让人不舒服，有礼貌的人不会去问。例子：扎拉不会问邻居爸爸赚多少钱，也不会问邻居姐姐为什么还没结婚。注意：在门外偷听邻居说话，也是不尊重的行为。

keeping boundaries = jaga batas pergaulan Being friendly with neighbours does not mean prying into their private matters. Questions about income, family quarrels or why someone is unmarried make people uncomfortable, so a courteous person does not ask them. Example: Zara does not ask how much her neighbour's father earns or why the neighbour's sister is not yet married. Watch out: eavesdropping outside a neighbour's door is also disrespectful.

Semak kefahaman

Soalan manakah yang tidak sesuai ditanya kepada jiran baharu?

找出不合适的问题 = cari soalan yang tidak sesuai 这题要找“不应该问”的那一句。想一想：哪一个问题碰到别人的钱财或隐私，会让对方尴尬？例子：问别人“你一个月赚多少钱？”就不合适。注意：题目里有 tidak，要选不合适的。

finding the unsuitable question = cari soalan yang tidak sesuai This question asks for the one that should NOT be asked. Think: which question touches on money or privacy and would embarrass the person? Example: asking 'How much do you earn a month?' is not suitable. Watch out: the question contains 'tidak', so choose the unsuitable one.

Amalkan

Berhemah di majlis jiran

Apabila menghadiri majlis jiran, kita menjaga adab:

Adab makan – ambil makanan secukupnya
Adab bercakap – bercakap dengan perlahan dan sopan
Adab berpakaian – berpakaian kemas dan sopan
Adab bergaul – menyapa tuan rumah dan tetamu

Contoh: Di majlis kenduri Pak Cik Salleh, Zara memakai baju kurung yang kemas dan mengambil makanan secukupnya.

宴会礼仪 = adab di majlis 去邻居家参加宴会时，要注意四种礼仪：用餐（adab makan）——拿够吃的分量、不浪费；说话（adab bercakap）——小声、客气；穿着（adab berpakaian）——整齐端庄；交往（adab bergaul）——向主人和客人问好。例子：在萨勒伯伯的宴会上，扎拉穿着整齐的 baju kurung，只拿吃得完的食物。注意：不要在宴会上跑来跑去或大声喧哗。

manners at a function = adab di majlis At a neighbour's function, mind four kinds of manners: eating (adab makan) – take what you can finish, waste nothing; speaking (adab bercakap) – speak softly and politely; dressing (adab berpakaian) – neat and modest; mixing (adab bergaul) – greet the host and guests. Example: at Pak Cik Salleh's kenduri, Zara wears a neat baju kurung and takes just enough food. Watch out: do not run around or make loud noise at a function.

Semak kefahaman

Di majlis rumah terbuka jiran, Kumar ingin makan kuih. Apakah perlakuan yang berhemah?

用餐礼仪 = adab makan 在别人家的宴会上，食物是给所有客人的。有礼貌的做法是先拿少量，吃完再拿，也不要用手翻来翻去。例子：在开放门户拿两块糕点，吃完觉得还想吃，再去拿。注意：拿太多吃不完，是浪费，也让其他客人没得吃。

eating manners = adab makan At someone's function, the food is for every guest. The courteous way is to take a little first and take more after finishing, and not to touch and put food back. Example: at an open house, take two pieces of kuih, then go back for more if you still want some. Watch out: taking more than you can eat is wasteful and leaves less for other guests.

Semak kefahaman

Pakaian manakah yang sesuai untuk menghadiri majlis kenduri jiran?

穿着礼仪 = adab berpakaian 出席邻居的宴会，是对主人的尊重，所以要穿得整齐、干净、端庄。想一想哪一种衣服最能表示尊重。例子：参加邻居的婚宴，穿上干净的衬衫或传统服装。注意：睡衣和满身汗的运动服都不适合出门做客。

dress manners = adab berpakaian Attending a neighbour's function shows respect to the host, so dress neatly, cleanly and modestly. Think which clothes best show respect. Example: for a neighbour's wedding feast, wear a clean shirt or traditional outfit. Watch out: pyjamas and sweaty sports clothes are not suitable when visiting.

Pilih semua

Pilih semua perlakuan berhemah tinggi terhadap jiran.

找出有礼的行为 = cari perlakuan berhemah 逐一看每个选项：这个行为会让邻居觉得被尊重，还是被冒犯？偷看别人家里、当面嫌弃别人的菜，都是没礼貌的。这题有几个答案。例子：进邻居家前先说“打扰了，可以进来吗？” 注意：有礼貌包括说话、动作和态度。

finding courteous actions = cari perlakuan berhemah Look at each option: does it make the neighbour feel respected or offended? Peeking into someone's house or criticising their cooking to their face is rude. There are several answers. Example: before entering a neighbour's house, say 'Excuse me, may I come in?' Watch out: courtesy covers speech, actions and attitude.

Fikir

Apakah kebaikan bersikap berhemah tinggi terhadap jiran?

有礼貌的好处 = kebaikan berhemah 想一想：一个总是有礼貌的邻居，会让别人有什么感觉？两家人的关系又会怎样？例子：常常打招呼的孩子，邻居都喜欢他，还会关心他。注意：有礼貌不是为了打听别人的事情。

the good of courtesy = kebaikan berhemah Think: how do people feel about a neighbour who is always courteous, and what happens to the two families' relationship? Example: a child who always greets people is liked by the neighbours, who care about him in return. Watch out: courtesy is not a way to find out other people's secrets.

Ringkasan

Syabas!

Berhemah tinggi dengan jiran

Bertegur sapa, bercakap dengan lembut, jaga perasaan jiran, hormati urusan peribadi mereka dan amalkan adab semasa menghadiri majlis.

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