Akal Pintar

从事实找两个数量 = cari dua kuantiti 读句子时，先圈出两个数量：一个是动物的数目，一个是手臂的数目。题目问的是“八爪鱼比手臂”，所以八爪鱼的数目写在前面，手臂的数目写在后面。 例子：“一只鸭有 2 只脚”，鸭和脚的比是 1 : 2。 注意：比只写数字，不写“只”“条”这些字。

find the two quantities = cari dua kuantiti When reading the sentence, circle the two quantities: the number of animals and the number of arms. The question asks for 'octopus to arms', so the number of octopuses comes first and the number of arms second. Example: 'a duck has 2 feet' gives a duck-to-feet ratio of 1 : 2. Watch out: a ratio has only numbers, without words like 'legs' or 'arms'.

“几倍”写成比 = “kali ganda” sebagai nisbah 句子说大象的重量大约是猫的 1 000 倍。把猫看成 1 份，大象就是 1 000 份，所以猫的重量比大象的重量是 1 : 1 000。次序跟着题目：先说猫，就先写 1。 例子：“绳子 A 的长度是绳子 B 的 10 倍”，B 比 A 是 1 : 10。 注意：如果题目问“大象比猫”，次序就要倒过来。

'times as much' as a ratio = kali ganda sebagai nisbah The sentence says an elephant's mass is about 1 000 times a cat's. Treat the cat as 1 part, so the elephant is 1 000 parts, and the ratio of the cat's mass to the elephant's mass is 1 : 1 000. The order follows the question: the cat is mentioned first, so 1 is written first. Example: 'rope A is 10 times as long as rope B' gives B to A = 1 : 10. Watch out: if the question asks for 'elephant to cat', the order is reversed.

单位的事实 = fakta unit 时间单位之间也有固定关系：1 个十年期（dekad）等于 10 年。要比较 1 年和 1 个十年期，要先把十年期换成年，两个数量都用“年”，再写比，最后不写单位。 例子：1 星期 = 7 天，所以 1 天比 1 星期是 1 : 7。 注意：单位不一样时，直接写 1 : 1 是错的。

facts about units = fakta unit Time units have fixed relationships too: 1 decade (dekad) equals 10 years. To compare 1 year with 1 decade, first change the decade into years so both quantities are in years, then write the ratio without units. Example: 1 week = 7 days, so 1 day to 1 week is 1 : 7. Watch out: writing 1 : 1 when the units differ is wrong.

动物事实的比 = nisbah fakta haiwan 圈出两个数量：动物有几只，脚有几条。按照题目说的次序，kepada 前面的写在冒号左边，后面的写在右边。不要把两个数加起来。 例子：一只蝎子有 8 条腿，题目问“腿比蝎子”时要写成 8 : 1。 注意：先看清楚题目问的次序。

ratios from animal facts = nisbah fakta haiwan Circle the two quantities: how many animals and how many legs. Follow the order in the question: the thing before 'kepada' goes on the left of the colon and the thing after it on the right. Do not add the numbers. Example: a scorpion has 8 legs; if the question asks 'legs to scorpion', write 8 : 1. Watch out: check the order the question asks for first.

换单位再写比 = tukar unit dahulu 题目里一个是年，一个是世纪（abad），单位不一样。先用题目给的事实把世纪换成年，两边都是“年”，再写比，最后拿掉单位。 例子：1 个十年期 = 10 年，所以 1 年比 1 个十年期是 1 : 10。 注意：世纪和十年期不一样，不要混淆。

change the unit before writing the ratio = tukar unit dahulu One quantity is in years and the other in centuries (abad), so the units differ. Use the fact given to change the century into years so both sides are in years, then write the ratio and drop the units. Example: 1 decade = 10 years, so 1 year to 1 decade is 1 : 10. Watch out: a century and a decade are different; do not mix them up.

倍数关系写成比 = kali ganda sebagai nisbah “是……的几倍”可以写成比：把小的那个看成 1 份，大的那个就是倍数那么多份。再按照题目的次序写。 例子：一条河的长度是一条小溪的 6 倍，小溪比河是 1 : 6。 注意：比的两个数字不用相加。

a 'times as long' fact as a ratio = kali ganda sebagai nisbah 'So many times as long' can be written as a ratio: treat the smaller one as 1 part, so the bigger one is that many parts. Then write them in the order the question gives. Example: a river 6 times as long as a stream gives stream to river = 1 : 6. Watch out: do not add the two numbers of the ratio.