Isi Padu

立方单位 = unit padu 长、宽、高都是一单位的小正方体，体积是一立方单位，写作 1 unit³，右上角的小 3 表示有三个方向：长、宽、高。物件占的空间可以用这样的小正方体一个一个去填满来量。 例子：用 5 个这样的小正方体排成一排，体积是 5 unit³。 注意：面积单位的小数字是 2，体积单位的小数字是 3。

cubic unit = unit padu A small cube that is one unit long, one unit wide and one unit high has a volume of one cubic unit, written 1 unit³. The small 3 stands for the three directions: length, width and height. The space an object takes up can be measured by filling it with such cubes. Example: 5 of these cubes in a row have a volume of 5 unit³. Watch out: area units carry a small 2, volume units carry a small 3.

按层数数 = kira mengikut lapisan 立方体堆一个一个数很容易漏掉后面看不见的那些。先数一层：前面一排有四个，往后有两排，一层就是八个。再看有几层：两层。所以一共八加八，十六个小正方体，体积是十六立方单位。 例子：每层 6 个、共 3 层，体积 = 6 + 6 + 6 = 18 unit³。 注意：后面和下面被挡住的小正方体也要算进去。

count by layers = kira mengikut lapisan Counting cubes one by one makes it easy to miss the hidden ones at the back. Count one layer first: four cubes along the front and two rows going back, so eight in a layer. There are two layers, so 8 + 8 = 16 cubes and the volume is 16 cubic units. Example: 3 layers of 6 cubes give a volume of 6 + 6 + 6 = 18 unit³. Watch out: the hidden cubes at the back and underneath count too.

体积公式 = panjang × lebar × tinggi 长乘宽是一层有多少个小正方体，再乘高就是有几层。所以长方体的体积 = 长 × 宽 × 高。这里五乘二是十，一层十个，有三层，十乘三等于三十立方单位。 例子：长 4、宽 3、高 2 单位的长方体，体积 = 4 × 3 × 2 = 24 unit³。 注意：三个数都要乘，少乘一个就只得到一层。

volume formula = panjang × lebar × tinggi Length × width tells how many cubes are in one layer, and multiplying by the height tells how many layers there are. So the volume of a cuboid = length × width × height. Here 5 × 2 = 10 cubes in a layer and there are 3 layers: 10 × 3 = 30 cubic units. Example: a cuboid 4 by 3 by 2 units has a volume of 4 × 3 × 2 = 24 unit³. Watch out: multiply all three numbers; leaving one out gives only a single layer.

立方厘米 = sentimeter padu 正方体（kubus）的长、宽、高都一样长，所以体积 = 边长 × 边长 × 边长。边长用厘米量，体积的单位就是立方厘米 cm³。这个礼物盒每边六厘米：六乘六得三十六，三十六乘六得二百一十六立方厘米。 例子：每边 2 cm 的骰子，体积 = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 cm³。 注意：边长乘三不是体积；要连乘三次。

cubic centimetre = sentimeter padu All edges of a cube are equal, so its volume = side × side × side. With sides in centimetres, the volume is in cubic centimetres, cm³. This gift box has 6 cm sides: 6 × 6 = 36, and 36 × 6 = 216 cm³. Example: a dice with 2 cm sides has a volume of 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 cm³. Watch out: the side times 3 is not the volume; multiply the side by itself three times.

底面积乘高 = luas tapak × tinggi 长乘宽其实就是底面的面积。所以体积也可以写成：底面积 × 高。先算底面积七乘三等于二十一平方米，再乘高四米，得八十四立方米。平方米乘米，单位变成立方米 m³。 例子：底面积 10 m²、高 3 m 的水箱，体积 = 30 m³。 注意：底面积已经是长乘宽，不要再乘一次长。

base area × height = luas tapak × tinggi Length × width is the area of the base, so volume can also be written as base area × height. The base is 7 × 3 = 21 m², and multiplying by the 4 m height gives 84 m³. Square metres times metres give cubic metres, m³. Example: a tank with a base area of 10 m² and a height of 3 m has a volume of 30 m³. Watch out: the base area already includes length × width, so do not multiply by the length again.

形状不同体积相同 = bentuk berbeza, isi padu sama 一个盒子长而窄，另一个短而宽，眼睛看起来大小不同，但要算过才知道。A 是八乘三乘三，B 是六乘四乘三，两个都是七十二立方厘米，所以它们装得下的空间一样多。 例子：1 × 4 × 9 和 2 × 3 × 6 都是 36 立方单位。 注意：比较体积要把长、宽、高三个数都乘起来，不能只比最长的那条边。

different shapes, same volume = bentuk berbeza, isi padu sama One box is long and narrow and the other short and wide, so they look different, but you must calculate. A is 8 × 3 × 3 and B is 6 × 4 × 3; both are 72 cm³, so they hold the same amount of space. Example: 1 × 4 × 9 and 2 × 3 × 6 are both 36 cubic units. Watch out: to compare volumes, multiply all three measurements; do not just compare the longest edge.

数小正方体 = kira kiub 先数最上面一层有几个小正方体：前面一排有几个，往后有几排，相乘。再数一共有几层，用一层的个数乘层数，单位是立方单位。 例子：一层 3 × 4 个、共 3 层，体积 = 36 unit³。 注意：只数看得见的那一面，会漏掉后面和下面的小正方体。

counting cubes = kira kiub Count the cubes in the top layer first: the number along the front times the number of rows going back. Then count the layers and multiply, in cubic units. Example: 3 layers of 3 × 4 cubes give 36 unit³. Watch out: counting only the faces you can see misses the cubes at the back and underneath.

长方体体积 = isi padu kuboid 长方体的体积 = 长 × 宽 × 高。在图上找出三个长度，先乘其中两个，再把结果乘剩下的那个数；单位是立方厘米，右上角写小小的 3。 例子：一块橡皮 4 cm × 2 cm × 1 cm，体积 = 8 cm³。 注意：把三个数相加，或只乘两个数，都不是体积。

volume of a cuboid = isi padu kuboid The volume of a cuboid is length × width × height. Find the three lengths in the picture, multiply two of them, then multiply the result by the third. The unit is cubic centimetres, with a small 3. Example: an eraser 4 cm × 2 cm × 1 cm has a volume of 8 cm³. Watch out: adding the three numbers, or multiplying only two, does not give the volume.

底面积乘深度 = luas tapak × dalam 水池的深度就是它的高。已经知道底面积，就直接用底面积乘高，不必再找长和宽；平方米乘米，单位是立方米。 例子：底面积 18 m²、深 3 m 的水池，体积 = 54 m³。 注意：底面积加深度没有意义；体积的单位不是 m²。

base area × depth = luas tapak × dalam The depth of the pond is its height. Since the base area is given, multiply it by the height; there is no need to find the length and width. Square metres times metres give cubic metres. Example: a pond with a base area of 18 m² and a depth of 3 m has a volume of 54 m³. Watch out: adding the base area and the depth makes no sense, and volume is not measured in m².

用小正方体估计 = anggar dengan kubus kecil 已知一个小正方体的体积，就可以拿它当作“单位”来估计大正方体：先看大正方体的长、宽、高各排了几个小正方体，算出一共几个，再乘一个小正方体的体积。 例子：小方块每个 5 cm³，大方块由 2 × 2 × 2 个小方块组成，体积大约 8 × 5 = 40 cm³。 注意：只数前面一面的小方块，会漏掉后面的层。

estimating with a small cube = anggar dengan kubus kecil When you know the volume of one small cube, use it as a unit to estimate the big cube: find how many small cubes fit along the length, width and height, work out how many there are altogether, then multiply by the volume of one small cube. Example: if each small block is 5 cm³ and the big block is 2 × 2 × 2 small blocks, its volume is about 8 × 5 = 40 cm³. Watch out: counting only the blocks on the front face misses the layers behind.