Darab dan Bahagi Jisim

先乘后除 = darab, kemudian bahagi 三袋面粉每袋五千克，先用乘法求总质量：三乘五等于十五千克。题目要克，所以化成一万五千克。再平均分进八个容器，用长除法：十五除以八商一余七；落下零变七十，商八余六；再落下零变六十，商七余四；最后四十除以八商五。 例子：2 × 6 kg ÷ 5 = 12 000 g ÷ 5 = 2 400 g。 注意：长除法每一步都要落下下一位数字，零也不能跳过。

multiply, then divide = darab, kemudian bahagi Three sacks of 5 kg each: multiply to find the total, 3 × 5 = 15 kg. The question wants grams, so that is 15 000 g. Share it among 8 containers with long division: 15 ÷ 8 = 1 remainder 7; bring down 0 to make 70, 8 remainder 6; bring down 0 to make 60, 7 remainder 4; finally 40 ÷ 8 = 5. Example: 2 × 6 kg ÷ 5 = 12 000 g ÷ 5 = 2 400 g. Watch out: bring down every digit in long division, including the zeros.

两种顺序 = dua cara 方法一按顺序：先算六乘一千二百五十克，得七千五百克，再除以五，得一千五百克。方法二先除：一千二百五十克能被五整除，先除得二百五十克，再乘六，数字比较小，算得更快。两种方法结果一样。最后把一千五百克写成一千克五百克。 例子：4 × 900 g ÷ 3 = 4 × 300 g = 1 200 g = 1 kg 200 g。 注意：先除的方法只有在能整除时才方便。

two orders = dua cara Way 1 follows the order: 6 × 1 250 g = 7 500 g, then ÷ 5 = 1 500 g. Way 2 divides first: 1 250 g divides exactly by 5, giving 250 g, then × 6; the numbers stay small, so it is quicker. Both ways agree. Finally write 1 500 g as 1 kg 500 g. Example: 4 × 900 g ÷ 3 = 4 × 300 g = 1 200 g = 1 kg 200 g. Watch out: dividing first is handy only when the division comes out exactly.

先除后乘 = bahagi, kemudian darab 第一步除：十四千克除以六得二千克，余二千克；余下的 2 kg 化成 2 000 g，加上原来的七十克，一共二千零七十克，除以六得三百四十五克。第二步乘：克栏三百四十五乘五等于一千七百二十五克，满一千进一千克；千克栏二乘五得十，加一等于十一。 例子：7 kg 20 g ÷ 3 × 2 = 2 kg 340 g × 2 = 4 kg 680 g。 注意：乘的时候克栏满一千要进位。

divide, then multiply = bahagi, kemudian darab Step 1 divides: 14 kg ÷ 6 = 2 kg remainder 2 kg; change the 2 kg into 2 000 g, add the 70 g to make 2 070 g, and 2 070 ÷ 6 = 345 g. Step 2 multiplies: grams 345 × 5 = 1 725 g, which regroups 1 000 g as 1 kg; kilograms 2 × 5 = 10, plus 1 makes 11. Example: 7 kg 20 g ÷ 3 × 2 = 2 kg 340 g × 2 = 4 kg 680 g. Watch out: regroup when the grams product reaches 1 000.

找错 = cari kesilapan Siti 把五千克三十六克写成五千三百六十克，这是错的：三十六克只有两位数，化成克时百位要补零，应该是五千零三十六克。第一步错了，后面的乘法和除法虽然算对，答案也会错。正确做法：五千零三十六乘四得两万零一百四十四，除以八得二千五百一十八克。 例子：3 kg 9 g = 3 009 g，不是 3 900 g。 注意：检查答案时，先检查单位换算那一步。

find the mistake = cari kesilapan Siti wrote 5 kg 36 g as 5 360 g, which is wrong: 36 g has only two digits, so a zero must hold the hundreds place, making 5 036 g. Because the first step is wrong, the answer is wrong even though her × and ÷ are done correctly. Correctly: 5 036 × 4 = 20 144, and ÷ 8 = 2 518 g. Example: 3 kg 9 g = 3 009 g, not 3 900 g. Watch out: when checking an answer, check the unit change first.

很重和很轻的单位 = tan metrik dan miligram 很重的东西用公吨（tan metrik）：一公吨等于一千千克，像一辆罗厘载的沙、一头大象的质量。很轻的东西用毫克（mg）：一克等于一千毫克，药片、维他命的成分常用毫克标示。它们和克、千克一样是公制单位，换算都是乘或除以一千。 例子：2 tan metrik = 2 000 kg；3 000 mg = 3 g。 注意：公吨和千克、克和毫克之间都是一千倍。

very heavy and very light units = tan metrik dan miligram Very heavy things use metric tonnes (tan metrik): 1 tonne = 1 000 kg, such as a lorry load of sand or an elephant. Very light things use milligrams (mg): 1 g = 1 000 mg, as printed on medicine and vitamin tablets. Like grams and kilograms they are metric units, so changing between them means multiplying or dividing by 1 000. Example: 2 tan metrik = 2 000 kg; 3 000 mg = 3 g. Watch out: tonnes to kilograms and grams to milligrams are both steps of one thousand.

乘除后化成克 = darab dan bahagi, jawapan dalam g 从左到右：先乘，得到几千克；题目要克，就乘一千化成克；再用长除法除以除数。长除法里每落下一个零都要继续商，不能提早停下来。 例子：3 × 4 kg ÷ 8 = 12 000 g ÷ 8 = 1 500 g。 注意：化成克以后再除，商的位数要对齐。

multiply and divide, answer in grams = darab dan bahagi, jawapan dalam g Work from left to right: multiply first to get kilograms; the question wants grams, so multiply by 1 000; then use long division. Each zero you bring down still needs a quotient digit, so do not stop early. Example: 3 × 4 kg ÷ 8 = 12 000 g ÷ 8 = 1 500 g. Watch out: after changing to grams, keep the quotient digits in the right places.

先除后乘 = bahagi, kemudian darab 先把被除数化成克：千克乘一千加克，克只有两位数时百位补零。用长除法除以除数，再把商乘以乘数，最后写回几千克几克。也可以用千克和克分栏：先除千克，余下的千克化成克加上原来的克再除。 例子：6 kg 30 g ÷ 3 × 2 = 6 030 g ÷ 3 × 2 = 2 010 g × 2 = 4 020 g = 4 kg 20 g。 注意：两位数的克化成克时，最容易漏掉占位的零。

divide, then multiply = bahagi, kemudian darab Change the mass into grams first: kilograms × 1 000 plus the grams, with a zero in the hundreds place when the grams have two digits. Divide by long division, multiply the quotient, and write the result back in kg and g. Or work in unit columns: divide the kilograms, change the leftover kilograms into grams, add the grams and divide. Example: 6 kg 30 g ÷ 3 × 2 = 6 030 g ÷ 3 × 2 = 2 010 g × 2 = 4 020 g = 4 kg 20 g. Watch out: the place-holder zero is easy to lose when the grams have two digits.