Unit 11

Bahagi Ukuran Panjang

Farah ada seutas dawai sepanjang 96 cm 6 mm.
Dia membengkokkan seluruh dawai itu menjadi sebuah segi tiga sama sisi.
Berapakah panjang satu sisi segi tiga itu?

长度除法 = bahagi ukuran panjang 把一个长度平均分成几份，或求正多边形一条边的长度，都用除法。可以先除大单位，除不尽的大单位化成小单位，和原来的小单位合起来再除；也可以一开始就把长度全部化成小单位，再用长除法。答案按题目要求的单位写。例子：12 cm 6 mm ÷ 3 = 4 cm 2 mm。注意：余下的大单位不能丢掉，要化成小单位继续除。

dividing lengths = bahagi ukuran panjang Sharing a length equally, or finding one side of a regular shape, uses division. You can divide the big unit first, change what is left of it into the small unit, add the small unit already there and divide again; or change the whole length into the small unit at the start and use long division. Write the answer in the unit asked for. Example: 12 cm 6 mm ÷ 3 = 4 cm 2 mm. Watch out: a leftover big unit must not be thrown away; change it into the small unit and keep dividing.

Sisi bentuk sekata

Bahagi dengan bilangan sisi

96 cm 6 mm ÷ 3 · 96 cm 6 mm ÷ 6

Segi tiga · 3 sisi

96 cm ÷ 3 = 32 cm
6 mm ÷ 3 = 2 mm
32 cm 2 mm

Heksagon · 6 sisi

96 cm ÷ 6 = 16 cm
6 mm ÷ 6 = 1 mm
16 cm 1 mm

正多边形的边长 = sisi bentuk sekata 正多边形每条边一样长，所以边长 = 铁丝总长 ÷ 边数。等边三角形有三条边：九十六厘米除以三得三十二厘米，六毫米除以三得二毫米。同样的铁丝弯成正六边形，就除以六：十六厘米一毫米。边数越多，每条边越短。例子：正方形用 20 cm 8 mm 的铁丝 → 20 cm 8 mm ÷ 4 = 5 cm 2 mm。注意：先数清楚图形有几条边。

sides of a regular shape = sisi bentuk sekata Every side of a regular shape is the same length, so one side = total wire ÷ number of sides. An equilateral triangle has 3 sides: 96 cm ÷ 3 = 32 cm and 6 mm ÷ 3 = 2 mm. Bent into a regular hexagon, the same wire is divided by 6: 16 cm 1 mm. The more sides, the shorter each side. Example: a square from 20 cm 8 mm of wire → 20 cm 8 mm ÷ 4 = 5 cm 2 mm. Watch out: count the sides of the shape carefully first.

Cara 1

Baki cm ditukar kepada mm

50 cm 4 mm ÷ 6 = ? mm

50 cm ÷ 6 = 8 cm, baki 2 cm
2 cm = 20 mm → 20 mm + 4 mm = 24 mm
24 mm ÷ 6 = 4 mm

8 cm 4 mm = 80 mm + 4 mm = 84 mm

余下的厘米化成毫米 = baki cm jadi mm 先除厘米：五十除以六得八，余二厘米。余下的二厘米不能不要，要化成二十毫米，再加上原来的四毫米，一共二十四毫米；二十四除以六得四毫米。所以是八厘米四毫米，题目要毫米，就是八十加四。例子：31 cm 5 mm ÷ 5 → 6 cm 余 1 cm → 15 mm ÷ 5 = 3 mm → 6 cm 3 mm = 63 mm。注意：化出来的毫米要和原来的毫米加起来再除。

leftover centimetres become millimetres = baki cm jadi mm Divide the centimetres first: 50 ÷ 6 = 8 remainder 2 cm. The 2 cm cannot be ignored; change them into 20 mm and add the 4 mm already there to get 24 mm, then 24 ÷ 6 = 4 mm. That gives 8 cm 4 mm, which is 80 + 4 millimetres. Example: 31 cm 5 mm ÷ 5 → 6 cm remainder 1 cm → 15 mm ÷ 5 = 3 mm → 6 cm 3 mm = 63 mm. Watch out: add the changed millimetres to the millimetres already there before dividing.

Cara 2

Tukar kepada mm, kemudian bahagi panjang

504 mm ÷ 6

Tukar

50 cm 4 mm
= 500 mm + 4 mm
= 504 mm

Bahagi panjang

		8	4
6)	5	0	4
−	4	8
		2	4
−		2	4
			0

84 mm

先化毫米再长除 = tukar kepada mm, bahagi panjang 五十厘米四毫米先化成五百零四毫米。用长除法：五除以六不够，看五十，五十除以六商八，八六四十八，五十减四十八余二；落下四变二十四，二十四除以六商四，没有余数。商八十四，单位是毫米。例子：62 cm 4 mm ÷ 8 = 624 mm ÷ 8 = 78 mm。注意：长除法商的位置要对齐，不够除的时候要看前两位。

change to millimetres, then long division = tukar kepada mm, bahagi panjang 50 cm 4 mm is 504 mm. Use long division: 5 is less than 6, so take 50; 50 ÷ 6 = 8, 8 × 6 = 48, 50 − 48 = 2; bring down 4 to make 24, and 24 ÷ 6 = 4 with nothing left. The quotient is 84 and the unit is millimetres. Example: 62 cm 4 mm ÷ 8 = 624 mm ÷ 8 = 78 mm. Watch out: line up the quotient digits, and use the first two digits when the first one is too small.

Bahagi km

Baki km ditukar kepada m

17 km ÷ 4 = ? km ? m

Bahagi km

17 km ÷ 4 = 4 km, baki 1 km
1 km = 1 000 m
1 000 m ÷ 4 = 250 m
= 4 km 250 m

Semak

4 × 4 km 250 m
= 16 km 1 000 m
= 17 km ✔

千米除法 = bahagi km 十七千米平均分成四份：先除千米，十七除以四得四千米，余一千米。余下的 1 km 化成 1 000 m，一千除以四得二百五十米。所以每份四千米二百五十米。也可以把 17 km 化成 17 000 m，用长除法除以四，得四千二百五十米，结果一样。例子：9 km ÷ 2 → 4 km 余 1 km → 1 000 m ÷ 2 = 500 m → 4 km 500 m。注意：余数的单位是千米，要乘一千化成米。

dividing kilometres = bahagi km Share 17 km into 4 equal parts: divide the kilometres first, 17 ÷ 4 = 4 km remainder 1 km. Change that 1 km into 1 000 m, and 1 000 ÷ 4 = 250 m, so each part is 4 km 250 m. You could also change 17 km into 17 000 m and use long division to get 4 250 m, the same result. Example: 9 km ÷ 2 → 4 km remainder 1 km → 1 000 m ÷ 2 = 500 m → 4 km 500 m. Watch out: the remainder is in kilometres, so multiply it by 1 000 to get metres.

km dan m

Baki km + meter yang ada

9 km 140 m ÷ 5

千米米除以数 = bahagi km dan m 先除千米：九除以五得一千米，余四千米。余下的 4 km 化成 4 000 m，再加上原来的一百四十米，一共四千一百四十米；用长除法除以五，得八百二十八米。答案一千米八百二十八米。例子：5 km 300 m ÷ 4 → 1 km 余 1 km → 1 300 m ÷ 4 = 325 m → 1 km 325 m。注意：别忘了把原来的米数加进去再除。

dividing km and m = bahagi km dan m Divide the kilometres first: 9 ÷ 5 = 1 km remainder 4 km. Change the 4 km into 4 000 m and add the 140 m already there to make 4 140 m; long division by 5 gives 828 m. The answer is 1 km 828 m. Example: 5 km 300 m ÷ 4 → 1 km remainder 1 km → 1 300 m ÷ 4 = 325 m → 1 km 325 m. Watch out: remember to add the metres that were already there before dividing.

Semak cepat

38 cm 5 mm ÷ 7 = ? mm

除法答案化毫米 = bahagi, jawapan dalam mm 方法一：先把厘米除以除数，余下的厘米化成毫米，加上原来的毫米再除，最后把几厘米几毫米化成毫米。方法二：一开始就把长度化成毫米，用长除法除，商就是毫米。两种方法都可以用来检查。例子：29 cm 4 mm ÷ 6 = 294 mm ÷ 6 = 49 mm。注意：除完以后用乘法检查：商乘除数，要等于原来的毫米数。

dividing, answer in millimetres = bahagi, jawapan dalam mm Way 1: divide the centimetres, change the leftover centimetres into millimetres, add the millimetres already there, divide again, and then write the result in millimetres. Way 2: change the length into millimetres first and use long division; the quotient is in millimetres. Either way can check the other. Example: 29 cm 4 mm ÷ 6 = 294 mm ÷ 6 = 49 mm. Watch out: check by multiplying: the quotient times the divisor must give the millimetres you started with.

Semak cepat

23 km ÷ 4 = ?

千米除以数有余数 = bahagi km dengan baki 先用千米除以除数，商写成千米；余下的千米乘一千化成米，再除以除数，商写成米。答案写成几千米几米。余数是千米，不是米，所以一定要先化成米。例子：11 km ÷ 4 → 2 km 余 3 km → 3 000 m ÷ 4 = 750 m → 2 km 750 m。注意：化成米后再除，得到的米数要写成完整的位值。

kilometres divided with a remainder = bahagi km dengan baki Divide the kilometres first and write the quotient in kilometres. Multiply the leftover kilometres by 1 000 to change them into metres, divide again, and write that quotient in metres. The remainder is kilometres, not metres, so it must be changed first. Example: 11 km ÷ 4 → 2 km remainder 3 km → 3 000 m ÷ 4 = 750 m → 2 km 750 m. Watch out: after changing to metres and dividing, write the metres with their full place value.

Ringkasan

Syabas!

baki → unit kecil

Bahagi unit besar dahulu, tukar baki kepada unit kecil, kemudian bahagi lagi. Atau tukar semua kepada unit kecil dahulu.

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