Akal Pintar

终点减起点 = hujung tolak mula 彩色铅笔的左端在 30 mm，右端在 72 mm。长度是两端之间的距离，所以用大的读数减小的读数：七十二减三十等于四十二，彩色铅笔长 42 mm。 例子：一块积木从 50 mm 到 77 mm，长 77 − 50 = 27 mm。 注意：先读准两端的读数，再相减。

end minus start = hujung tolak mula The left end of the coloured pencil is at 30 mm and the right end at 72 mm. The length is the gap between the ends, so subtract the smaller reading from the bigger one: 72 − 30 = 42, so the pencil is 42 mm long. Example: a block from 50 mm to 77 mm is 77 − 50 = 27 mm long. Watch out: read both ends carefully before subtracting.

从起点数到终点 = kira dari mula ke hujung 也可以不做减法，直接数：从起点 30 开始，每跳一次到下一个长刻度就是 10 mm，跳到 70 一共跳了四次，是 40 mm；再从 70 数小格到 72，多 2 mm。加起来 42 mm，和减法的结果一样。 例子：从 40 数到 58：跳一次到 50 是 10 mm，再数 8 小格，一共 18 mm。 注意：数的时候，起点那一格不算进去。

count from start to end = kira dari mula ke hujung You can also count instead of subtracting. From the start at 30, each jump to the next long line is 10 mm; four jumps reach 70, which is 40 mm. Then count the small spaces from 70 to 72: 2 mm more. Together that is 42 mm, the same as subtracting. Example: from 40 to 58, one jump to 50 is 10 mm, then 8 small spaces, 18 mm in all. Watch out: the starting line itself is not counted as a space.

起点不在整十 = mula bukan pada puluh 有时候物件的左端不在标数字的长线上，要数小格才读得出起点。这块橡皮擦的左端在 10 后面第 4 小格，是 14 mm；右端在 50 后面第 1 小格，是 51 mm。五十一减十四等于三十七，长 37 mm。 例子：从 26 mm 到 49 mm，长 49 − 26 = 23 mm。 注意：两端都要数小格，不能只数一边。

a start that is not a ten = mula bukan pada puluh Sometimes the left end is not on a numbered long line, so count small spaces to read the start. This eraser starts 4 spaces after 10, at 14 mm, and ends 1 space after 50, at 51 mm. 51 − 14 = 37, so it is 37 mm long. Example: from 26 mm to 49 mm is 49 − 26 = 23 mm. Watch out: count the small spaces at both ends, not just one.

起点不是 0 = mula bukan 0 橡皮圈的左端没有放在 0。先读左端的读数，再读右端的读数，然后用右端的读数减去左端的读数，差就是它的长度。 例子：从 15 mm 到 48 mm，长 48 − 15 = 33 mm。 注意：减完以后，可以从起点往前数一数来检查。

start not at zero = mula bukan 0 The left end of the rubber band is not on zero. Read the left end, then the right end, and take the left reading away from the right reading; the difference is the length. Example: from 15 mm to 48 mm is 48 − 15 = 33 mm long. Watch out: after subtracting, check by counting on from the start.

放在尺子中间 = di tengah pembaris 勺子放在尺子的中间，左右两端都要读。每一端先找最近的数字，再数小格。然后两读数相减，大的减小的。 例子：从 61 mm 到 88 mm，长 88 − 61 = 27 mm。 注意：减法有借位时要小心计算。

in the middle of the ruler = di tengah pembaris The spoon lies in the middle of the ruler, so read both ends. For each end, find the nearest number, then count the small spaces. Subtract the smaller reading from the bigger one. Example: from 61 mm to 88 mm is 88 − 61 = 27 mm. Watch out: take care when the subtraction needs regrouping.

只给读数 = hanya bacaan diberi 没有图也能算：题目已经告诉你两端的读数。长度是两读数之间的距离，所以用减法，不用加法。个位不够减时，要从十位借一。 例子：两端在 12 mm 和 70 mm，长 70 − 12 = 58 mm。 注意：两个读数相加，得到的不是长度。

readings only = hanya bacaan diberi No picture is needed: the question gives both end readings. The length is the gap between them, so subtract rather than add. If the ones cannot be subtracted, regroup one ten. Example: ends at 12 mm and 70 mm give 70 − 12 = 58 mm. Watch out: adding the two readings does not give the length.