Unit 18

Bahagi Masa

Sebuah pameran batu permata dikawal selama 8 hari 12 jam.
3 orang pengawal berjaga secara bergilir, masing-masing sama lama.
Berapa jamkah setiap pengawal berjaga?

时间除法 = bahagi masa 总时间平均分成几份，用除法。先除大单位；大单位除不完剩下的部分，要换成小单位，和原来的小单位合起来再除。一天换成二十四小时，一周换成七天，一年换成十二个月，一个 dekad 换成十年，一个 abad 换成一百年。例子：3 天 ÷ 2 = 1 天余 1 天 = 1 天 12 小时。注意：余下的大单位不能直接写成小单位。

dividing time = bahagi masa Sharing a total time equally is division. Divide the bigger unit first; whatever is left over must be changed into the smaller unit, added to the smaller unit, and divided again. A day becomes 24 hours, a week 7 days, a year 12 months, a dekad 10 years and an abad 100 years. Example: 3 days ÷ 2 = 1 day remainder 1 day = 1 day 12 hours. Watch out: a leftover bigger unit cannot be copied straight into the smaller unit.

Hari dan jam

Baki hari ditukar kepada jam

8 hari 12 jam ÷ 3

余天换小时 = baki hari jadi jam 先除天：八天除以三得两天，余两天。余下的两天换成四十八小时，加上原来的十二小时，一共六十小时；六十除以三得二十小时。所以每个守卫值班两天二十小时，题目要小时，两天是四十八小时，加二十，等于六十八小时。例子：5 天 ÷ 2 = 2 天 12 小时。注意：余下的天要换成小时再除。

leftover days become hours = baki hari jadi jam Divide the days first: 8 ÷ 3 = 2 days, remainder 2 days. Change those 2 days to 48 hours, add the 12 hours to get 60 hours, and 60 ÷ 3 = 20 hours. Each guard keeps watch for 2 days 20 hours; in hours that is 48 + 20 = 68 hours. Example: 5 days ÷ 2 = 2 days 12 hours. Watch out: change leftover days into hours before dividing.

Jam → hari dan jam

Bahagi dengan 24

Mesin penetas telur: 90 jam

90 ÷ 24

		3
24)	9	0
−	7	2
	1	8

Jawapan

3 hari 18 jam

小时化天 = jam ke hari 孵蛋机开了九十小时。九十除以二十四：三个二十四是七十二，九十减七十二余十八，所以一共三天十八小时。商是天，余数是小时。例子：50 小时 = 2 天 2 小时。注意：余数十八是小时，一定比二十四小。

hours to days = jam ke hari The incubator ran for 90 hours. 90 ÷ 24: three 24s make 72, and 90 − 72 = 18, so 3 days 18 hours. The quotient is days and the remainder is hours. Example: 50 hours = 2 days 2 hours. Watch out: the remainder 18 is hours and must be less than 24.

Minggu dan hari

Dua cara

13 minggu ÷ 7

Cara 1

13 minggu = 91 hari
91 ÷ 7 = 13 hari
= 1 minggu 6 hari

Cara 2

13 ÷ 7 = 1 minggu, baki 6 minggu
6 minggu = 42 hari
42 ÷ 7 = 6 hari

= 1 minggu 6 hari

两种方法 = dua cara 方法一：先把十三周全部换成天，九十一天，除以七得十三天，再换回一周六天。方法二：先除周，十三除以七得一周，余六周；余下的六周换成四十二天，除以七得六天。两种方法的答案都是一周六天。例子：9 周 ÷ 7 = 1 周 2 天。注意：余下的周要换成天再除。

two methods = dua cara Method 1: change all 13 weeks into 91 days, ÷ 7 = 13 days = 1 week 6 days. Method 2: 13 ÷ 7 = 1 week remainder 6 weeks; 6 weeks = 42 days, ÷ 7 = 6 days. Both give 1 week 6 days. Example: 9 weeks ÷ 7 = 1 week 2 days. Watch out: change leftover weeks into days before dividing.

Tahun dan bulan

Baki tahun ditukar kepada bulan

10 tahun 6 bulan ÷ 6

10 tahun ÷ 6 = 1 tahun, baki 4 tahun
4 tahun = 48 bulan → 48 + 6 = 54 bulan
54 ÷ 6 = 9 bulan

= 1 tahun 9 bulan

余年换月 = baki tahun jadi bulan 先除年：十年除以六得一年，余四年。余下的四年换成四十八个月，加上原来的六个月，一共五十四个月；五十四除以六得九个月。答案一年九个月。例子：5 年 ÷ 2 = 2 年 6 个月。注意：余下的年乘十二再加月。

leftover years become months = baki tahun jadi bulan Divide the years first: 10 ÷ 6 = 1 year remainder 4 years. 4 years = 48 months, plus 6 months = 54 months, and 54 ÷ 6 = 9 months. The answer is 1 year 9 months. Example: 5 years ÷ 2 = 2 years 6 months. Watch out: multiply leftover years by 12 and add the months.

Cari kesilapan

15 tahun ÷ 4

Mengapakah kiraan ini salah?

✘ Salah

15 ÷ 4 = 3 baki 3
= 3 tahun 3 bulan

✔ Betul

baki 3 tahun = 36 bulan
36 ÷ 4 = 9 bulan
= 3 tahun 9 bulan

找错 = cari kesilapan 十五除以四得三余三，余下的是三年，不是三个月。错误的算法把余数直接当成月。正确做法：三年换成三十六个月，再除以四，得九个月，所以答案是三年九个月。例子：7 年 ÷ 2 = 3 年 6 个月，不是 3 年 1 个月。注意：余数的单位和被除的单位一样。

find the mistake = cari kesilapan 15 ÷ 4 = 3 remainder 3, and the remainder is 3 years, not 3 months. The wrong working copies the remainder as months. Correctly, 3 years = 36 months, ÷ 4 = 9 months, so the answer is 3 years 9 months. Example: 7 years ÷ 2 = 3 years 6 months, not 3 years 1 month. Watch out: the remainder has the same unit as the number divided.

Dekad dan abad

Tukar kepada tahun jika perlu

9 dekad 6 tahun ÷ 8 · 17 abad 50 tahun ÷ 5 · 2 abad 8 tahun ÷ 4

96 tahun ÷ 8 = 12 tahun
17 abad 50 tahun ÷ 5 = 3 abad 50 tahun
208 tahun ÷ 4 = 52 tahun

dekad 与 abad 的除法 = bahagi dekad dan abad 九个 dekad 六年先换成九十六年，除以八得十二年。十七个 abad 五十年：十七除以五得三个 abad，余两个 abad 换成二百年，加五十年等于二百五十年，除以五得五十年，所以是三个 abad 五十年。两个 abad 八年是二百零八年，除以四得五十二年。例子：6 dekad ÷ 4 = 60 ÷ 4 = 15 年。注意：答案用题目要求的单位。

dividing decades and centuries = bahagi dekad dan abad 9 dekad 6 years = 96 years, ÷ 8 = 12 years. 17 abad 50 years: 17 ÷ 5 = 3 abad remainder 2 abad = 200 years, + 50 = 250, ÷ 5 = 50 years, so 3 abad 50 years. 2 abad 8 years = 208 years, ÷ 4 = 52 years. Example: 6 dekad ÷ 4 = 60 ÷ 4 = 15 years. Watch out: give the answer in the unit asked for.

Semak cepat

13 hari 8 jam ÷ 4 = ?

天和小时除以数 = bahagi hari dan jam 先除天：天数除以除数，商写在天那一栏；除不完余下的天，要换成小时（每天二十四小时），和原来的小时加起来，再除以除数，得到小时。例子：9 天 ÷ 2 → 4 天余 1 天 → 24 小时 ÷ 2 = 12 小时 → 4 天 12 小时。注意：余下的天不能丢掉，也不能直接当成小时来写。

dividing days and hours = bahagi hari dan jam Divide the days first and write the quotient in the days column. Change any leftover days into hours (24 each), add the hours already there, then divide by the divisor to get the hours. Example: 9 days ÷ 2 → 4 days remainder 1 day → 24 hours ÷ 2 = 12 hours → 4 days 12 hours. Watch out: do not drop the leftover days or copy them as hours.

Semak cepat

20 tahun ÷ 8 = ?

年除以数 = bahagi tahun 先用年数除以除数，商是年；余下的年要换成月（每年十二个月），再除以除数，得到月。答案写成“几年几月”。例子：5 年 ÷ 3 → 1 年余 2 年 → 24 个月 ÷ 3 → 1 年 8 个月。注意：余数的单位是年，不能直接写成月。

dividing years = bahagi tahun Divide the years first; the quotient is years. Change the leftover years into months (12 each) and divide them by the divisor to get months. Write the answer in years and months. Example: 5 years ÷ 3 → 1 year remainder 2 years → 24 months ÷ 3 → 1 year 8 months. Watch out: the remainder is in years, so it cannot be written straight as months.

Tulisan yang betul

38 dekad ÷ 4 = ?

dekad 除以数 = bahagi dekad 先把 dekad 全部换成年（乘十），再除以除数，得到年数；最后把年数写回“几个 dekad 几年”：十位上的数是 dekad，个位上的数是年。也可以先除 dekad，余下的 dekad 换成年再除。例子：17 dekad ÷ 2 → 170 年 ÷ 2 = 85 年 = 8 dekad 5 年。注意：写回 dekad 时，十个年才是一个 dekad，不要多写一个零。

dividing decades = bahagi dekad Change all the dekad into years (× 10), divide by the divisor to get years, then write the years back as dekad and years: the tens are dekad and the ones are years. You can also divide the dekad first and change the leftover dekad into years. Example: 17 dekad ÷ 2 → 170 years ÷ 2 = 85 years = 8 dekad 5 years. Watch out: ten years make one dekad, so do not write an extra zero.

Ringkasan

Syabas!

baki → unit kecil

Bahagi unit besar dahulu. Tukar baki kepada unit kecil, kemudian bahagi lagi.

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