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取整到百的范围 = julat pembundaran kepada ratus 取整到百以后是某个整百的数，原来的数在“少 50”到“多 49”之间。先写出这个范围，再看每个价钱是不是在范围里：比范围小的会取整成前一个百，比范围大的会取整成后一个百。 例子：取整到百是 RM2 600 的价钱，范围是 RM2 550 到 RM2 649。 注意：取整到百要看十位，不是看个位。

the range for rounding to hundreds = julat pembundaran kepada ratus A price that rounds to a whole hundred lies from 50 less up to 49 more. Write this range first, then see whether each price is inside it: a price below it rounds to the hundred before, and one above it rounds to the hundred after. Example: prices that round to RM2 600 go from RM2 550 to RM2 649. Watch out: to round to hundreds, look at the tens digit, not the ones.

求差 = cari beza “相差多少”要用减法，用大的数减去小的数。五位数相减时要对齐数位，从个位减起，不够减就向左边一位借 1。最后用加法检查：小的数加上差，要等于大的数。 例子：两个镇的人口 18 400 和 19 150，相差 750。 注意：借位以后，左边那一位要少 1，这一步最容易漏掉。

find the difference = cari beza How many more or fewer means subtract the smaller number from the bigger one. Line up the places, start at the ones and regroup from the next place when a digit is too small. Check by adding: the smaller number plus the difference must give the bigger number. Example: towns with 18 400 and 19 150 people differ by 750. Watch out: after regrouping, the next place is one less; that step is the one most often missed.

每份一样多 = setiap sama banyak 每盒的张数一样多，要求很多盒一共有多少，用乘法：每盒的张数 × 盒数。可以把 32 拆成 30 和 2，分别乘，再把两个积加起来。 例子：每人 250 元，4 人共 1 000 元；8 人共 2 000 元。 注意：把盒数和每盒张数相加，是错误的做法。

the same in each = setiap sama banyak Every box holds the same number of sheets, so to find the total for many boxes, multiply: sheets in a box × boxes. You can split 32 into 30 and 2, multiply each, and add the two products. Example: RM250 each for 4 people is RM1 000, and for 8 people RM2 000. Watch out: adding the number of boxes to the sheets in a box is the wrong method.

求第三部分 = cari bahagian ketiga 三天的总数已知，前两天也已知，第三天就是剩下的部分：用总数连减前两天，或者先把前两天加起来，再用总数减。最后把三天加起来检查。 例子：总数 900，两天分别是 300 和 250，第三天是 350。 注意：只减了其中一天就停下来，得数会太大。

find the third part = cari bahagian ketiga The total for three days and the first two days are known; the third day is what is left. Subtract both days from the total, or add the two days first and subtract that from the total. Check by adding all three days. Example: a total of 900 with days of 300 and 250 leaves 350 for the third day. Watch out: subtracting only one day leaves an answer that is too big.

两步题 = masalah dua langkah 题目问“两人一共”，要分两步：先用乘法求出哥哥有多少（Ali 的几倍），再把两人的数量加起来。也可以把 Ali 看成 1 份、哥哥 2 份，看一共几份，再乘。 例子：妹妹 50 张，姐姐是她的 3 倍，两人一共 50 + 150 = 200 张。 注意：只求出哥哥的数量，还没有回答“一共”。

a two-step problem = masalah dua langkah The question asks for both boys together, so work in two steps: multiply to find the brother's stamps (some times Ali's), then add the two amounts. You can also think of Ali as 1 part and his brother as 2 parts, count the parts and multiply. Example: a sister has 50 and an older sister 3 times as many, so together they have 50 + 150 = 200. Watch out: finding only the brother's stamps does not answer the question.

求原来的数 = cari nombor asal m 是全部的椅子，分成“已经排好的”和“还没排的”两部分。求全部，就把两部分加起来；也可以写成 m − 已排好的 = 还没排的，再倒推。算好后代回去检查。 例子：书一共 p 本，读了 40 本，还有 15 本 → p = 55。 注意：求全部要用加法，不是用大的减小的。

find the starting number = cari nombor asal m is all the chairs, made of two parts: those set out and those not yet set out. To find the whole, add the two parts; you can also write m − chairs set out = chairs left and work back. Check by putting your answer back in. Example: p books, 40 read and 15 left, so p = 55. Watch out: finding the whole needs adding, not taking the smaller from the bigger.

÷ 再 × 不是 ÷ 积 = bahagi kemudian darab bukan bahagi hasil darab 两个算式都从左到右计算：一个是先除以一位数、再乘 10；另一个是直接除以两位数。算出两个值再比较。记住：乘会让数变大，除会让数变小，所以“除后再乘”和“除以积”通常不一样。 例子：900 ÷ 3 × 10 = 3 000，而 900 ÷ 30 = 30。 注意：只有连续两次除，例如 ÷ 4 ÷ 10，才能合成 ÷ 40。

divide then multiply is not dividing by the product = bahagi kemudian darab bukan bahagi hasil darab Work out both sentences from left to right: one divides by a single digit and then multiplies by 10; the other divides by a two-digit number. Then compare the two values. Multiplying makes a number bigger and dividing makes it smaller, so the two are usually different. Example: 900 ÷ 3 × 10 = 3 000, but 900 ÷ 30 = 30. Watch out: only two divisions in a row, such as ÷ 4 ÷ 10, can be joined into ÷ 40.

两组的和相等 = dua jumlah yang sama 题目说：红班和蓝班的罐子加起来，跟绿班和黄班加起来一样多。所以先把两个都已知的班（绿班、黄班）加起来，得到这一组的和；另一组也必须是这个和，再减去已知的红班，就得到 m。最后把 m 代回去，检查两组的和是否相等。 例子：甲队和乙队的分数和等于丙队和丁队，甲 30、丙 25、丁 40 → 两组都是 65，乙 = 65 − 30 = 35。 注意：不要把四个数全部加起来，也不要只用其中两个数相减。

two equal totals = dua jumlah yang sama The question says Red and Blue together collected as many tins as Green and Yellow together. So first add the two known classes, Green and Yellow, to get that total; the other pair must have the same total, so subtract the known Red class to find m. Put m back in to check that both totals match. Example: teams W and X together score the same as teams Y and Z; W has 30, Y has 25 and Z has 40, so both pairs make 65 and X = 65 − 30 = 35. Watch out: do not add all four numbers, and do not just subtract two of them.

月份的天数 = bilangan hari dalam sebulan 题目没有直接说这个月有几天，要自己想：一月、三月、五月、七月、八月、十月、十二月有 31 天；四月、六月、九月、十一月有 30 天；二月是 28 或 29 天。先用这个月的总数除以天数求出一天，再乘要求的天数。 例子：六月一共做了 900 个，每天一样多 → 900 ÷ 30 = 30 个一天，5 天就是 150 个。 注意：求出一天的数量以后，还要再乘，不要停在第一步。

days in a month = bilangan hari dalam sebulan The question does not say how many days the month has, so you must know: January, March, May, July, August, October and December have 31 days; April, June, September and November have 30; February has 28 or 29. Divide the month's total by its days to find one day, then multiply by the days asked. Example: 900 made in June, the same each day, is 900 ÷ 30 = 30 a day, so 150 in 5 days. Watch out: after finding one day, multiply as well; do not stop at the first step.