Unit 10
Bundar Nombor
Seramai 23 618 orang menonton perlawanan bola sepak.
Wartawan menulis: “Hampir 24 000 penonton.”
取整 = bundar nombor；最接近的千 = ribu terdekat
报纸常常不写准确的数，而是写一个比较整齐、方便记的数，这就是取整。取整后的数和原来的数很接近，但更容易读和比较。
例子：一场演出有 5 870 名观众，可以说“大约 6 000 名观众”。
注意：取整以后的数不是准确值，只是接近。
rounding = bundar nombor; nearest thousand = ribu terdekat
News reports often give a neat, easy number instead of the exact one; this is rounding. The rounded number is close to the real one but easier to read and compare.
Example: a show with 5 870 people in the audience can be described as about 6 000 people.
Watch out: a rounded number is not exact, only close.
Cara 1: garis nombor
Bundarkan kepada ribu terdekat
23 618
用数线取整 = bundar dengan garis nombor
先找出这个数夹在哪两个整千之间，再在数线上看它离哪一个比较近，就取那个整千。中间点是 500，超过中间就靠近右边。
例子：41 290 在 41 000 和 42 000 之间，离 41 000 较近，所以取整为 41 000。
注意：两端要找对：是 23 000 和 24 000，不是 20 000 和 30 000。
round with a number line = bundar dengan garis nombor
Find the two whole thousands the number lies between, then see on the number line which one it is closer to, and round to that one. The halfway point is 500; past halfway means closer to the right end.
Example: 41 290 lies between 41 000 and 42 000 and is closer to 41 000, so it rounds to 41 000.
Watch out: pick the right ends: 23 000 and 24 000, not 20 000 and 30 000.
Cara 1: garis nombor
Bundarkan kepada puluh ribu terdekat
74 216
70 000
75 000
80 000
74 216
▼
▼
74 216 → 70 000 (puluh ribu terdekat)
取整到万 = bundar kepada puluh ribu terdekat
取整到最接近的万，两端要用整万：74 216 在 70 000 和 80 000 之间，中间点是 75 000。74 216 还没到 75 000，所以靠近 70 000。
例子：18 900 在 10 000 和 20 000 之间，超过 15 000，所以取整为 20 000。
注意：取整到万时，千位以下全部变成 0。
round to the nearest ten thousand = bundar kepada puluh ribu terdekat
For the nearest ten thousand, the ends are whole ten thousands: 74 216 lies between 70 000 and 80 000, and the halfway point is 75 000. 74 216 has not reached 75 000, so it is closer to 70 000.
Example: 18 900 lies between 10 000 and 20 000 and is past 15 000, so it rounds to 20 000.
Watch out: when rounding to ten thousands, every digit after that place becomes 0.
Cara 2: lihat digit di sebelah kanan
Tambah 1 atau kekal?
46 530 → puluh ribu terdekat
46 530 → 50 000
Digit 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 → tambah 1
Digit 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 → kekal
Digit di sebelah kanan menjadi 0.
看右边一位 = lihat digit di sebelah kanan
先找出要取整的那一位，再看它右边紧挨着的一位：是 5 到 9，取整的那一位加 1；是 0 到 4，取整的那一位不变。最后，右边所有数位都改成 0。
例子：取整到千：52 480 → 看百位 4 → 千位不变 → 52 000。
注意：只看紧挨着的一位，不看更后面的数字。
look at the digit on the right = lihat digit di sebelah kanan
Find the place you are rounding to, then look at the digit just to its right. If it is 5 to 9, add 1 to the rounding place; if it is 0 to 4, keep it the same. Then change every digit to the right into 0.
Example: to the nearest thousand, 52 480 has 4 hundreds, so the thousands stay and it becomes 52 000.
Watch out: look only at the digit right next to the rounding place, not the ones further along.
Tepat di tengah
Nombor di tengah dibundarkan ke atas
Kutipan tin kitar semula: 8 350 tin → ratus terdekat
8 300
8 350
8 400
8 350 tin
▼
▼
8 350 tin → 8 400 tin
正好在中间 = tepat di tengah
如果一个数刚好在两个整百（或整千、整万）的正中间，例如 8 350 在 8 300 和 8 400 的正中间，规定要取较大的那个，所以取整为 8 400 个罐子。用规则看：十位是 5，百位加 1。
例子：取整到千：26 500 → 27 000。
注意：“5”算进位的那一边，不是不变。
exactly in the middle = tepat di tengah
If a number is exactly halfway, like 8 350 between 8 300 and 8 400, the rule is to round to the bigger one, so it becomes 8 400 cans. By the digit rule: the tens digit is 5, so add 1 to the hundreds.
Example: to the nearest thousand, 26 500 becomes 27 000.
Watch out: a 5 goes with rounding up, not staying the same.
Wang
Bundarkan kepada ribu ringgit terdekat
RM36 480
RM36 480 → RM36 000
digit ratus 4 → digit ribu kekal
金额取整 = bundar wang
钱也可以取整，方法一样，只是前面加 RM。取整到最接近的千令吉，就看百位：4 属于 0 到 4，千位不变，后面全改成 0。
例子：RM72 690 取整到千令吉 → 百位 6 → 千位加 1 → RM73 000。
注意：写答案时别忘了 RM。
rounding money = bundar wang
Money is rounded the same way; just keep the RM in front. To round to the nearest thousand ringgit, look at the hundreds: 4 is in 0 to 4, so the thousands stay and the rest become 0.
Example: RM72 690 to the nearest thousand ringgit has 6 hundreds, so add 1 to the thousands: RM73 000.
Watch out: remember to write RM in the answer.
Julat
Nombor manakah menjadi 60 000?
Puluh ribu terdekat
50 000
55 000
60 000
65 000
70 000
60 000
▼
▼
55 000 hingga 64 999 → 60 000
取整的范围 = julat pembundaran
取整到万以后变成 60 000 的数，是从 55 000（正好中间，要进位）开始，一直到 64 999（再多 1 就是 65 000，会进到 70 000）。这个范围里的所有数都会变成 60 000。
例子：取整到千变成 8 000 的数，是 7 500 到 8 499。
注意：65 000 取整到万是 70 000，不在范围里。
the rounding range = julat pembundaran
The numbers that become 60 000 when rounded to the nearest ten thousand start at 55 000 (exactly halfway, so it rounds up) and go up to 64 999 (one more would be 65 000, which rounds to 70 000). Every number in this range becomes 60 000.
Example: the numbers that round to 8 000 (nearest thousand) are 7 500 to 8 499.
Watch out: 65 000 rounds to 70 000, so it is not in the range.
Semak cepat
Bundarkan 67 350 kepada ribu terdekat.
取整到千 = bundar kepada ribu terdekat
题目要把一个五位数取整到最接近的千。方法：找到千位，再看它右边紧挨着的百位；百位是 0 到 4，千位不变；百位是 5 到 9，千位加 1。最后千位右边的数位全部写 0。
例子：21 408 → 百位 4 → 千位不变 → 21 000；21 608 → 百位 6 → 22 000。
注意：先看清题目要取整到哪一位；取整到千的结果，后三位一定是 000。
round to the nearest thousand = bundar kepada ribu terdekat
Round the five-digit number to the nearest thousand. Find the thousands place and look at the hundreds digit next to it: 0 to 4 keeps the thousands the same, 5 to 9 adds 1. Then every place to the right becomes 0.
Example: 21 408 has 4 hundreds, so it becomes 21 000; 21 608 has 6 hundreds, so it becomes 22 000.
Watch out: check which place the question asks for; a number rounded to thousands ends in 000.
Semak cepat
Bundarkan 84 961 kepada puluh ribu terdekat.
只看右边一位 = lihat satu digit sahaja
题目要取整到最接近的万。方法：只看万位右边紧挨着的千位，决定万位加 1 还是不变；千位后面的数字再大也不用管。最后万位右边全部写 0。
例子：33 999 取整到万 → 千位 3 → 30 000；26 001 → 千位 6 → 30 000。
注意：取整到万的结果一定是整万（后四位都是 0）；后面很多 9 并不会一路进位上去。
look at one digit only = lihat satu digit sahaja
Round to the nearest ten thousand. Look only at the thousands digit next to the ten thousands place to decide whether to add 1 or keep it; the digits after that do not matter. Then all places to the right become 0.
Example: 33 999 has 3 thousands, so it becomes 30 000; 26 001 has 6 thousands, so it also becomes 30 000.
Watch out: the result is always a whole ten thousand, and a row of 9s does not carry upward.
Julat
Selepas dibundarkan kepada puluh ribu terdekat, nombor manakah menjadi 30 000?
找范围内的数 = cari nombor dalam julat
题目问哪个数取整到万后会变成指定的整万。先写出范围：从下面那个“正中间的数”（取整时要进位的）开始，到上面那个“正中间的数”减 1 为止。再逐个检查选项是否在范围里。
例子：取整到万变成 90 000 的数，范围是 85 000 到 94 999；所以 86 200 可以，84 800 不行。
注意：很接近范围边界的数最容易看错，要逐位和边界比较。
find a number in the range = cari nombor dalam julat
Which number becomes the given ten thousand after rounding? Write the range first: it starts at the halfway number below (which rounds up) and ends one before the halfway number above. Then check each option.
Example: numbers that round to 90 000 run from 85 000 to 94 999, so 86 200 works and 84 800 does not.
Watch out: numbers very close to the ends are easy to misjudge; compare them with the ends digit by digit.
Ratus terdekat
Bundarkan 5 649 kepada ratus terdekat.
取整到百 = bundar kepada ratus terdekat
题目要取整到最接近的百。方法：找到百位，看它右边的十位；十位 0 到 4，百位不变；十位 5 到 9，百位加 1。最后十位和个位都写 0。个位的数字不用看。
例子：7 382 取整到百 → 十位 8 → 7 400；7 342 → 十位 4 → 7 300。
注意：取整到百、到千、到万，要看的那一位都不同；个位就算是 9 也不影响取整到百。
round to the nearest hundred = bundar kepada ratus terdekat
Round to the nearest hundred. Find the hundreds place and look at the tens digit: 0 to 4 keeps the hundreds, 5 to 9 adds 1. Then the tens and ones become 0; the ones digit is not used.
Example: 7 382 has 8 tens, so it becomes 7 400; 7 342 has 4 tens, so it becomes 7 300.
Watch out: each rounding place uses a different digit to decide, and even a 9 in the ones does not matter here.
Ringkasan
Syabas!
5 – 9 ↑ · 0 – 4 =
Lihat digit di sebelah kanan: 5 hingga 9 tambah 1, 0 hingga 4 kekal.
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