Selepas hujan, padang sekolah licin dan ada lopak air. Beberapa murid mahu bermain bola di situ. Fikirlah dahulu sebelum bertindak!
爱惜自己 = hargai diri
这个单元学习保护自己:看图讲述危险情况、阅读狂犬病(rabies)的资料、写想象作文、唱劝世诗(gurindam),以及五官形容词和时间形容词。
例子:雨后操场很滑,先想一想再决定要不要去踢球。
注意:做事前先想后果。
value yourself = hargai diri
This unit is about keeping ourselves safe: describing a risky scene from a picture, reading about rabies, writing an imaginative composition, a gurindam (advice verse), and adjectives of the senses and of time.
Example: after rain the field is slippery: think before deciding to play football.
Watch out: think about consequences before acting.
Mendengar dan Bertutur
Bercerita berdasarkan gambar
Ceritakan gambar dengan menyebut tempat, masa, watak dan apa yang berlaku, menggunakan sebutan dan intonasi yang betul.
Contoh: "Pada waktu petang, padang sekolah basah dan licin. Seorang murid tergelincir ketika berlari."
telling from a picture = bercerita
When describing a picture, say the place, time, characters and what happens, with clear pronunciation and natural intonation.
Example: "In the evening the school field is wet and slippery. A pupil slips while running."
Watch out: describe what is in the picture; do not invent too much.
Membaca
Bahaya penyakit rabies
Rabies merebak melalui gigitan haiwan yang dijangkiti seperti anjing dan kucing. Langkah pencegahan: beri suntikan vaksin kepada haiwan peliharaan, jangan mengusik haiwan liar dan segera ke klinik jika digigit.
Contoh: Jika digigit, cuci luka dengan sabun dan air mengalir, kemudian dapatkan rawatan.
rabies = rabies
Rabies spreads through bites from infected animals such as dogs and cats. Prevention: vaccinate pets, do not tease stray animals, and go to a clinic immediately if bitten.
Example: if bitten, wash the wound with soap and running water, then get treatment.
Watch out: do not ignore a bite just because the wound is small.
Semak kefahaman
Apakah tindakan pertama jika digigit anjing liar?
被咬后第一步 = tindakan pertama
被咬后最先要做什么,才能减少病菌?然后才去诊所。
例子:受伤后先清洁伤口,是基本急救。
注意:追狗会更危险。可以把重点抄进笔记本,旁边写一个自己想到的例子。
first step after a bite = tindakan pertama
What should you do first to reduce germs? Then go to the clinic.
Example: cleaning a wound first is basic first aid.
Watch out: chasing the dog is more dangerous.
Menulis
Karangan imaginatif
Karangan mempunyai pendahuluan, isi dan penutup. Buat draf dahulu berpandukan isi dan gambar.
imaginative composition = karangan imaginatif
A composition has an introduction (pendahuluan) for characters and setting, a body (isi) for the events, and a conclusion (penutup) with a lesson. Make a draft (draf) first.
Example: title "Do Not Reveal Information": the introduction presents the main character, the body tells how he was nearly tricked, the conclusion gives the lesson.
Watch out: keep one main idea in each paragraph.
Semak kefahaman
Bahagian manakah biasanya memberikan pengajaran dalam karangan?
教训写在哪里 = di mana pengajaran
故事讲完以后,才说学到了什么。那是作文的哪一部分?
例子:“Sejak hari itu, saya lebih berhati-hati.”
注意:开头是介绍,不是总结。平时读马来文报纸或故事书时,留意有没有用到这一点。
where the lesson goes = di mana pengajaran
The lesson comes after the story is told. Which part of the composition is that?
Example: "Since that day, I have been more careful."
Watch out: the introduction presents; it does not sum up.
Seni Bahasa
Gurindam
Gurindam ialah puisi dua baris yang berima dan mengandungi nasihat. Baris pertama syarat, baris kedua akibat. Contoh ciptaan: Jika bermain tidak berhati-hati, / Diri cedera kita yang rugi.
Contoh: Lagukan gurindam dengan intonasi yang sesuai.
劝世诗 = gurindam
gurindam 是两行押韵的诗,带有劝告。第一行是条件,第二行是结果。例如:“玩耍时如果不小心,自己受伤吃亏的是自己。”
例子:“Jika rajin membaca buku, / Ilmu bertambah setiap waktu.”
注意:gurindam 只有两行,pantun 有四行。用自己的话向同学解释一次,会记得更牢。
gurindam = gurindam
A gurindam is a rhyming two-line poem with advice. Line one is the condition, line two the result. Example: "If you play without care, / You get hurt and you lose."
Example: "Jika rajin membaca buku, / Ilmu bertambah setiap waktu." (Read often and your knowledge grows.)
Watch out: a gurindam has two lines; a pantun has four.
Seni Bahasa
Simpulan bahasa dalam gurindam
Jika suka menuding jari, / Kawan menjauh tiada peduli. Saudara kandung jika dijaga, / Hidup bersama penuh bahagia. Ambil berat sesama insan, / Hidup aman penuh kemesraan.
Contoh:Menuding jari – menyalahkan orang lain. Saudara kandung – adik-beradik seibu sebapa. Ambil berat – memberi perhatian.
劝世诗里的成语 = simpulan bahasa dalam gurindam
这几首 gurindam 用了三个成语:menuding jari(用手指指别人,意思是怪罪别人)、saudara kandung(同父同母的兄弟姐妹)、ambil berat(关心、注意)。每首两行,第一行是条件,第二行是结果。
例子:老是怪罪别人(menuding jari),朋友就会远离。
注意:成语不能照字面翻译。
idioms in gurindam = simpulan bahasa dalam gurindam
These gurindam use three idioms: menuding jari (pointing a finger, meaning blaming others), saudara kandung (full brothers and sisters) and ambil berat (caring about). Each gurindam has two lines: a condition, then a result.
Example: if you keep blaming others (menuding jari), friends drift away.
Watch out: do not translate idioms word by word.
Padankan
Padankan simpulan bahasa dengan maksudnya
配对成语 = padankan
menuding jari 是怪罪别人;saudara kandung 是同父同母的兄弟姐妹;ambil berat 是关心、注意。先配你最有把握的一个,再配剩下的。
例子:“Kakak sentiasa ambil berat tentang adik.”(姐姐总是关心弟弟。)
注意:用意思来配,不要看字面。把例句大声朗读两三次,注意发音和语调。
matching idioms = padankan
Menuding jari means blaming others; saudara kandung means full siblings; ambil berat means caring about someone. Match the one you are surest of first, then the rest.
Example: "Kakak sentiasa ambil berat tentang adik." (Big sister always cares about her brother.)
Watch out: match by meaning, not by the literal words.
Tatabahasa
Kata adjektif pancaindera dan waktu
Kata adjektif pancaindera berkaitan deria: manis, wangi, bising, lembut, terang. Kata adjektif waktu menerangkan masa: lama, awal, lewat, segera.
Contoh: Bau kopi di lapangan terbang sangat wangi. Kami tiba awal untuk pemeriksaan.
五官与时间形容词 = adjektif pancaindera dan waktu
五官形容词跟感觉有关:manis(甜,味觉)、wangi(香,嗅觉)、bising(吵,听觉)、lembut(柔软,触觉)、terang(明亮,视觉)。时间形容词说明时间:lama(久)、awal(早)、lewat(迟)、segera(立刻)。
例子:机场的咖啡很香;我们早到做检查。
注意:分清楚是跟感官有关,还是跟时间有关。
adjectives of the senses and time = adjektif pancaindera dan waktu
Sense adjectives relate to the senses: manis (sweet, taste), wangi (fragrant, smell), bising (noisy, hearing), lembut (soft, touch), terang (bright, sight). Time adjectives describe time: lama (long), awal (early), lewat (late), segera (immediately).
Example: the coffee at the airport smells fragrant; we arrived early for the check.
Watch out: decide whether it relates to a sense or to time.
Pilih semua
Pilih semua kata adjektif pancaindera.
找五官形容词 = cari adjektif pancaindera
masam(酸)、bising(吵)、harum(香)跟感官有关;lewat(迟)、awal(早)跟时间有关。这题有几个答案。
例子:kasar(粗糙)是触觉形容词。
注意:时间形容词不属于五官。把新学的词语做成小卡片,正面写马来文,背面写意思。
finding sense adjectives = cari adjektif pancaindera
Masam (sour), bising (noisy) and harum (fragrant) relate to the senses; lewat (late) and awal (early) relate to time. There are several answers.
Example: kasar (rough) is a touch adjective.
Watch out: time adjectives are not sense adjectives.
Ringkasan
Syabas!
Hargai diri
Fikir dahulu sebelum bertindak. Rabies merebak melalui gigitan haiwan. Karangan ada pendahuluan, isi dan penutup. Gurindam dua baris berisi nasihat. Kata adjektif pancaindera berkaitan deria; kata adjektif waktu menerangkan masa.